Calixpyrroles, calixpyridinopyrroles and calixpyridines

A calix[n]pyrrole macrocycle where n is 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, and where the macrocycle is covalently attached to a solid support, said macrocycle having structure I:

• wherein
• when n is 4, p=q=r=s=0., R-R16 are independently substituents as listed in paragraph i) below, and RA-RD are independently substituents as listed in paragraph ii) below;
• when n is 5, p=1, q=r=s=0, R1 to R20 are independently substituents as listed in paragraph i) below, and RA-RE are independently substituents as listed in paragraph ii) below;
• when n is 6, p=q=1, r=s=0, R1 to R24 are independently substituents as listed in paragraph i) below, and RA-RF are independently substituents as listed in paragraph ii) below;
• when n is 7, p=q=r=1, s=0, R1 to R28 are independently substituents as listed in paragraph i) below, and RA-RG are independently substituents as listed in paragraph ii) below;
• when n is 8, p=q=r=s=1, R1 to R32 are independently substituents as listed in paragraph i) below, and RA-RH are independently substituents as listed in paragraph ii) below;
• i) hydrogen, halide, hydroxyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkylaryl, nitro, phospho, formyl, acyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkoxy, hydroxyalkenyl, hydroxyalkynyl, saccharide, carboxy, carboxyalkyl, carboxyamide, carboxyamidealkyl, amino, amido, aminoalkyl, phosphoalkyl, alkyl sulfoxide, alkyl sulfone, alkyl sulfide, tetrahydropyran, tetrahydrothiapyran, thioalkyl, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl, alkyl ester, a site-directing molecule, a catalytic group, a reporter group, a binding agent, or a couple that is coupled to a site-directing molecule, to a catalytic group, to a reporter group, or to a binding agent;
• ii) hydrogen, alkyl, aminoalkyl, alkylsulfone, carboxy alkyl, carboxyamidealkyl, phospho alkyl, alkyl sulfoxide, alkyl sulfone, alkyl sulfide, haloalkyl, aryl, N-oxide, dialkylamino, carbamate, or arylsulfonyl;
• wherein odd-numbered R-substituents are other than hydrogen.