Catalyst comprising at least one phosphonite ligand based nickel (O) complex and method for the production of nitriles
AssigneeBASF SE
InventorsJakob Fischer, Wolfgang Siegel
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A catalyst comprising at least one nickel(0) complex which comprises at least one mono-, bi- or multidentate phosphonite ligand of the formula I or salts and mixtures thereof, is prepared as described, and the catalysts are used to prepare mixtures of monoolefinic C5 mononitriles with nonconjugated C═C and C≡N bonds by catalytic hydrocyanation of butadiene or of a 1,3-butadiene-containing hydrocarbon mixture in the presence of a catalyst of this type.
Claims17
A process for preparing mixtures of monoolefinic C5 mononitriles with nonconjugated C═C- and C≡N bonds by catalytic Hydrocyanation of butadiene or of a 1,3-butadiene-sontaining Hydrocarbon mixture, which comprises carrying out the hydrocyanation in the presence of a nickel(O) complex catalyst having a mono-, bi- or multidentate phosphonite ligand of the formula I
- where
- A is, together with the part of the phosphonite group to which it is bonded, a 5- to 8-membered heterocycle which may additionally be fused once, twice or three times to cycloalkyl, aryl and/or hetaryl where the fused groups may in each case have one, two or three substituents selected from alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, nitro, cyano or carboxyl,
- R1 is alkyl, aryl or hetaryl, each of which may have one, two or three of the following substituents:
- alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkoxy, cycloalkyloxy, acyl, aryloxy, halogen, trifluoromethyl, nitro, cyano, carboxyl or NE1E2, where E1 and E2 may be identical or different and are alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, or
- R1 is a radical of the formula II
- —X—O—Y (II)
- where
- X is a C3-C6-alkylene bridge which may have one, two or three double bonds and/or be fused once, twice or three times with aryl and/or hetaryl, where the aryl or hetaryl groups may have one, two or three of the following substituents:
- alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkoxy, cycloalkyloxy, aryloxy, halogen, trifluoromethyl, nitro, cyano, carboxyl or NE1E2, where E1 and E2 have the abovementioned meanings,
- Y is a radical of the formula III.1 or III.2
- where
- D can have the meanings stated previously for A,
- or salts and mixtures thereof.
A process for the positional and/or double-bond isomerization of olefins, which comprises contacting an olefin with a nickel(O) complex catalyst having a mono-, bi- or multidentate phosphonite ligand of the formula I
- where
- A is, together with the part of the phosphonite group to which it is bonded, a 5- to 8-membered heterocycle which may additionally be fused once, twice or three times to cycloalkyl, aryl and/or hetaryl where the fused groups may in each case have one, two or three substituents selected from alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, nitro, cyano or carboxyl,
- R1 is alkyl, aryl or hetaryl, each of which may have one, two or three of the following substituents:
- alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkoxy, cycloalkyloxy, acyl, aryloxy, halogen, trifluoromethyl, nitro, cyano, carboxyl or NE1E2, where E1 and E2 may be identical or different and are alky, cycloalkyl or aryl, or
- R1 is a radical of the formula II
- —X—O—Y (II)
- where
- X is a C3-C6-alkylene bridge which may have one, two or three double bonds and/or be fused once, twice or three times with aryl and/or hetaryl, where the aryl or hetaryl groups may have one, two or three of the following substituents:
- alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkoxy, cycloalkyloxy, aryloxy, halogen, trifluoromethyl, nitro, cyano, carboxyl or NE1E2, where E1 and E2 may be identical or different and are alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl,
- Y is a radical of the formula III.1 or III.2
- where
- D can have the meanings stated previously for A,
- or salts and mixtures thereof.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.