Thoracic training model for endoscopic cardiac surgery

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for training for cardiac surgery using endoscopic techniques are provided. The apparatus comprises a model thorax having an internal cavity and a plurality of ribs, intercostal spaces between the ribs through which an endoscopic instrument can be inserted during use of the model, and a heart located in the internal cavity and removably connected to the model, the heart having a coronary artery on which surgical training can be performed during use of the model. The apparatus also comprises a sternum located on the anterior aspect of the thorax, and at least one internal mammary artery located on a posterior surface of the sternum. The apparatus can also include a fluid system in communication with the heart and providing pressurized fluid to the coronary artery, such that cutting the artery simulates bleeding as the pressurized fluid effuses from the artery.

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.