Method of detecting seismic events and for detecting and correcting geometry and statics error in seismic data

A method for correcting statics errors in a set of seismic data comprising

• assembling a set of velocity stack trace envelopes,
• wherein the velocity stack trace envelopes have a particular shot and receiver location associated with each trace,
• wherein the velocity stack trace envelopes include representations of multiple event arrivals,
• wherein some of the event arrivals represent the direct arrival and some represent events other than the direct arrival,
• wherein the velocity stack trace envelopes include event attributes comprising:
• time, amplitude, and velocity information for each event;
• comparing at least one event attribute of at least one of the multiple event arrivals to at least one event attribute of at least one other of the multiple event arrivals;
• and
• assigning a statics correction to a source-receiver, dependent upon the comparing.

A method for discrimination between statics, geometry, source, and received problems, the method comprising:

• assembling a set of velocity stack trace envelopes,
• wherein the velocity stack trace envelopes have a particular shot and receiver location associated with each trace,
• wherein the velocity stack trace envelopes include representations of multiple event arrivals,
• wherein some of the event arrivals represent the direct arrival and some represent events other than the direct arrival,
• wherein the velocity stack trace envelopes include event attributes comprising:
• time, amplitude, and velocity information for each event;
• comparing at least one event attribute of at least one of the multiple event arrivals to a threshold value for the at least one event attribute;
• and
• discriminating between error type, dependent upon the comparing. assembling a set of velocity stack trace envelopes.

A method for correcting geometry errors in a set of seismic data traces, the traces being related to a first element location and a second element location, one of the element locations being a shot location and the other of the s being a receiver location, the method comprising:

• assembling a set of velocity stack trace envelopes including offset bin information;
• picking a seismic event from the set of velocity stack trace envelopes;
• comparing a time delay between the first element location and the second element location to a time delay threshold;
• and
• assigning a geometry correction to at least one of the element locations;
• dependent upon the comparing.

A method for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multiple element data, wherein at least one element of the data comprises a shot and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a common element gather of traces, the method comprising:

• band pass filtering the traces;
• computing the complex trace envelope of traces of the gather;
• filtering out a DC component of the traces;
• sorting the gather by a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a second element, and an offset bin, wherein a sorted gather of traces is defined;
• wherein said computing and said sorting define a sorted gather of complex trace envelopes;
• transforming the sorted gather of complex trace envelopes into a set of velocity stack trace envelopes;
• wherein said traces are divergence corrected before said transforming and wherein said traces are positive bulk time shifted before said transforming;
• and
• picking events from the velocity stack trace envelopes.

A method for automatically correcting geometry errors in seismic data including substantially linear seismic events in multiple element data, wherein at least one element of the data comprises a shot and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a common element gather of traces, the method comprising:

• band pass filtering the traces;
• computing the complex trace envelope of traces of the gather;
• filtering out a DC component of the traces;
• sorting the gather by a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a second element, an offset bin, wherein a sorted gather of traces is defined;
• wherein said computing and said sorting define a sorted gather of complex trace envelopes;
• transforming the sorted gather of complex trace envelopes into a set of velocity stack trace envelopes;
• wherein said traces are divergence corrected before said transforming and wherein said traces are positive bulk time shifted before said transforming;
• picking events from the velocity stack trace envelopes;
• determining geometry error based on said picking;
• and
• correcting said geometry error.

A method for automatically correcting statics errors in seismic data including substantially linear seismic events in multiple element data, wherein at least one element of the data comprises a shot and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a common element gather of traces, the method comprising:

• band pass filtering the traces;
• computing the complex trace envelope of traces of the gather;
• filtering out a DC component of the traces;
• sorting the gather by a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a second element, and an offset bin wherein a sorted gather of traces is defined;
• wherein said computing and said sorting define a sorted gather of complex trace envelopes;
• transforming the sorted gather of complex trace envelopes into a set of velocity stack trace envelopes;
• wherein said traces are divergence corrected before said transforming and wherein said traces are positive bulk time shifted before said transforming;
• picking events from the velocity stack trace envelopes;
• determining statics error based on said picking;
• and
• correcting said statics error.

A method for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multiple element data, and for correcting geometry and statics errors, wherein at least one element of the data comprises a shot and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a common element gather of traces, the method comprising:

• band pass filtering the traces;
• computing the complex trace envelope of traces of the gather;
• filtering out a DC component of the traces;
• sorting the gather by a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a second element, and an offset bin, wherein a sorted gather of traces is defined;
• wherein said computing and said sorting define a sorted gather of complex trace envelopes;
• transforming the sorted gather of complex trace envelopes into a set of velocity stack trace envelopes;
• wherein said traces are divergence corrected before said transforming and wherein said traces are positive bulk time shifted before said transforming;
• and
• picking events from the velocity stack trace envelopes;
• determining statics error based on said picking;
• correcting said statics error;
• determining geometry error based on said picking;
• and
• correcting said geometry error.