High density non-volatile memory device incorporating thiol-derivatized porphyrins

An apparatus for storing data, said apparatus comprising:

• a fixed electrode electrically coupled to a storage medium comprising a molecule having the formula:
• wherein
• K1, K2, K3, and K4 are independently selected from the group consisting of N, S, O, Se, Te, and CH;
• M is a metal or (H,H);
• L1, L2, and L3, and L4 are independently present or absent and, when present, are a linkers;
• and
• X1, X2, X3, and X4 are independently present or absent and, when present, independently a substrate or a reactive site that can covalently or ionically couple to a substrate.

An information storage molecule, said molecule having the formula:

• wherein
• K1, K2, K3, and K4 are independently selected from the group consisting of N, S, O, Se, Te, and CH;
• M is a metal or (H,H);
• S1, S2, and S3 are independently selected from the group consisting of aryl, phenyl, cycloalkyl, alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, alkylthio, perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroaryl, pyridyl, cyano, thiocyanato, nitro, amino, alkylamino, acyl, sulfoxyl, sulfonyl, imido, amido, and carbamoyl wherein said substituents provide a redox potential range of less than about 2 volts;
• L is present or absent and, when present, is a linker;
• and
• X is a substrate or a reactive site that can covalently or ionically couple to a substrate.

An information storage molecule, said molecule having the formula:

• wherein
• K1, K2, K3, and K4 are independently selected from the group consisting of N, O, S, Se, Te, and CH;
• M is a metal or (H,H);
• S1, S2, and S3 are independently selected from the group consisting of aryl, phenyl, cycloalkyl, alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, alkylthio, alkoxy, perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroaryl, pyridyl, nitrile, nitro, amino, and alkylamino;
• L1, L2, and L3, and L4 are independently present or absent and, when present, are linkers;
• and
• X1, X2, X3, and X4 are independently present or absent and, when present, independently a substrate or a reactive site that can covalently or ionically couple to a substrate.