Nanostructured oxides and hydroxides and methods of synthesis therefor

A composition of matter, comprising

• nanostructured particulate or fibrous nickel hydroxide, wherein the nickel hydroxide particles or fibers have diameters of less than about 100 nm.

A composition of matter, comprising

• nanostructured particulate or fibrous manganese dioxide, wherein the manganese dioxide particles or fibers have diameters of less than about 100 nm.

A composition of matter, comprising

• nanostructured fibrous zirconium oxide, wherein the zirconium oxide fibers have diameters of less than about 100 nm, and the fibers are in the form of a random, interconnected open-weave assembly.

Nanostructured composite materials, comprising

• at least one random interconnected open-weave assembly of nanostructured fibers, wherein the nanostructured fibers have diameters of less than about 100 nm;
• and
• at least one agglomerate of nanostructured particles adjacent or partially or completely within the at least one assembly, wherein the nanostructured particles have diameters of less than about 100 nm.

Nanostructured composite materials, comprising

• at least one random, interconnected open-weave assembly of nanostructured fibers, wherein the nanostructured fibers have diameters of less than about 100 nm;
• and
• nanostructured particles adjacent or partially or completely within the at least one assembly, wherein the nanostructured particles have diameters of less than about 100 nm.

Nanostructured materials, comprising

• at least one random, interconnected open-weave assembly of nanostructured fibers, wherein the nanostructured fibers have diameters of less than about 100 nm.

A composition of matter, comprising

• nanostructured, particulate or fibrous zirconium oxide, wherein the zirconium oxide further comprises nanostructured yttrium oxide, and wherein the particles or fibers have diameters of less than about 100 nm, and the fibers are in the form of a random, interconnected open-weave assembly.