Overbased metal-containing detergents
AssigneeExxon Chemical Patents Inc.
InventorsPhilip Skinner, Alain Louis Pierre Lenack
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
Phenate overbased detergents and salicylate overbased detergents with TBN: % surfactant ratios of 11 or more are useful marine diesel lubricant additives.
Claims45
A calcium overbased detergent comprising a surfactant system derived from at least two surfactants other than (a) an acid of the formula R.sup.a --CH(R.sup.b)--COOH, wherein R.sup.a represents an alkyl or alkenyl group containing 10 to 24 carbon atoms and R.sup.b represents hydrogen, an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a CH.sub.2 COOH group, or an acid anhydride, acid chloride or ester thereof, and (b) a di- or polycarboxylic acid containing from 36 to 100 carbon atoms or an acid anhydride, acid chloride or ester thereof, at least one of the surfactants being a sulphurized or non-sulphurized phenol or a derivative thereof and at least one other of the surfactants being a surfactant other then a phenol surfactant, the proportion of the said phenol in the surfactant system being at least 45 mass %, and the overbased detergent having a TBN:
- % surfactant ratio of at least 15.
A calcium overbased detergent comprising a surfactant system derived from at least two surfactants other than (a) an acid of the formula R.sup.a --CH(R.sup.b)--COOH, wherein R.sup.a represents an alkyl or alkenyl group containing 10 to 24 carbon atoms and R.sup.b represents hydrogen, an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a CH.sub.2 COOH group, or an acid anhydride, acid chloride or ester thereof and (b) a di- or polycarboxylic acid containing from 36 to 100 carbon atoms or an acid anhydride, acid chloride or ester thereof, at least one of the surfactants being a sulphurized or non-sulphurized salicylic acid or a derivative thereof and at least one other of the surfactants being a surfactant other than a salicylic surfactant, the proportion of the said salicylic acid in the surfactant system being at least 10 mass %, and the overbased detergent having a TBN:
- % surfactant ratio of at least 11.
A method of manufacturing a calcium overbased detergent which comprises treating with an overbasing agent a mixture comprising (a), (b) and (c), wherein (a) is selected from (a1) and (a2):
- (a1) at least two surfactants other than (a) an acid of the formula R.sup.a --CH(R.sup.b)--COOH, wherein R.sup.a represents an alkyl or alkenyl group containing 10 to 24 carbon atoms and R.sup.b represents hydrogen, an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a CH.sub.2 COOH group, or an acid anhydride, acid chloride or ester thereof, and (b) a di- or polycarboxylic acid containing from 36 to 100 carbon atoms or an acid anhydride, acid chloride or ester thereof, at least one of the surfactants being a sulphurized or non-sulphurized phenol or a derivative thereof and at least one other of the surfactants being a surfactant other than a phenol surfactant;
- (a2) at least two surfactants other than (a) an acid of the formula R.sup.a --CH(R.sup.b)--COOH, wherein R.sup.a represents an alkyl or alkenyl group containing 10 to 24 carbon atoms and R.sup.b represents hydrogen, an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a CH.sub.2 COOH group, or an acid anhydride, acid chloride or ester thereof and (b) a di- or polycarboxylic acid containing from 36 to 100 carbon atoms or an acid anhydride, acid chloride or ester thereof, at least one of the surfactants being a sulphurized or non-sulphurized salicylic acid or a derivative thereof and at least one other of the surfactants being a surfactant other than a salicylic surfactant;
- (b) at least one basic calcium compound;
- and
- (c) oil,
- treatment with the overbasing agent being carried out in at least one step at less than 100.degree. C. such that:
- when the starting materials include (a1), the proportion of the said phenol in the surfactant system of the overbased detergent is at least 45 mass %, and the overbased detergent has a TBN:
- % surfactant ratio of at least 15;
- and
- when the starting materials include (a2), the proportion of the said salicylic acid in the surfactant system of the overbased detergent is at least 10 mass %, and the overbased detergent has a TBN:
- % surfactant ratio of at least 11.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.