High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) and foams made therefrom
AssigneeThe Dow Chemical Company
InventorsSteven W. Mork, Daniel Patrick Green, Gene D. Rose
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Abstract
High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs), porous polymeric materials made therefrom, and methods for making and using the same. Specific embodiments of the invention include water-in-oil high internal phase emulsions having at least 70 volume percent of an internal aqueous phase and less than 30 volume percent of an external oil phase wherein the oil phase comprises a vinyl polymerizable monomer and a surfactant effective to stabilize the emulsion. The subject surfactants are oil soluble and preferably include an oxyalkylene component.
Claims25
A water-in-oil high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) having at least 70 volume percent of an internal aqueous phase and less than 30 volume percent of an external oil phase wherein the oil phase comprises a polymerizable monomer and an oil soluble HIPE stabilizing surfactant represented by the formula:
- R(O--(AO).sub.m (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n R').sub.L
- wherein:
- R is selected from:
- C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alkylene, C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alkyl, aryl, and benzyl, wherein the aryl and benzyl may be substituted with at least one of:
- C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 akylene and C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alkyl;
- A is the same or different and selected from:
- ethylene and ethylene substituted with C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 alkyl;
- R' is the same or different and is selected from:
- quaternary ammonium, sulfate, carboxylate, acetate, phosphate, and a corresponding salt, acid and base thereof, and hydrogen;
- L is an integer from 1 to 4;
- m is an integer from 1 to 200, and n is an integer from 0 to 200.
A water-in-oil high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) having at least 70 volume percent of an internal aqueous phase and less than 30 volume percent of an external oil phase wherein the oil phase comprises a polymerizable monomer and less than about 2 weight percent of an oil soluble surfactant effective to stabilize the emulsion.
A foam made from a water-in-oil high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) having at least 70 volume percent of an internal aqueous phase and less than 30 volume percent of an external oil phase wherein the oil phase comprises a polymerizable monomer and an oil soluble HIPE stabilizing surfactant represented by the formula:
- R[O--(AO).sub.m (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n R'].sub.L
- wherein:
- R is selected from:
- C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alkylene, C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alky, aryl, and benzyl, wherein the aryl and benzyl may be substituted with at least one of:
- C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alkylene and C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alkyl;
- A is the same or different and selected from:
- ethylene and ethylene substituted with C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 alkyl;
- R' is the same or different and is selected from:
- quaternary ammonium, sulfate, carboxylate, acetate, phosphate, and a corresponding salt, acid and base thereof, and hydrogen;
- L is an integer from 1 to 4;
- m is an integer from 1 to 200, and
- n is an integer from 0 to 200.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.