Muscarinic antagonists

A compound having the structural formula ##STR175## including all isomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, and solvates thereof,

• wherein one of Y and Z is N and the other is CH, or C-alkyl;
• X is --O--, --S--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2 -- or --SO.sub.2 NR.sup.20 ;
• R is ##STR176## R.sup.1 and R.sup.21 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, cyano, alkoxycarbonyl, phenyl alkyl, alkylcarbonlyoxyalkyl, ##STR177## H, --OH, (provided R.sup.1 and R.sup.21 are both not --OH and Y is not N), formyl and hydroxyalkyl;
• additionally R.sup.1 and R.sup.21 together may form the group .dbd.CH.sub.2, .dbd.NOR.sup.5, .dbd.CH-alkyl, .dbd.O, .dbd.C(alkyl).sub.2 and .dbd.C(halo).sub.2, in further addition, R.sup.1 and R.sup.21 together with the carbon atom to which they are ##STR178## attached may form the group R.sup.2 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl substituted with 1 to 3 independently selected R.sup.3 groups, cycloalkenyl, arylalkyl, alkylcarbonyl-amino(alkyl)alkyl, dialkylamino ##STR179## wherein R.sup.29 is H, alkyl, acyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, alkylaminocarbonyl, dialkylaminocarbonyl, alkylsulfonyl or arylsulfonyl, or when Z is --CH--, R.sup.2 may also be --N(R.sup.8).sub.2 ;
• R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.22, R.sup.24, and R.sup.25 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, halo, alkoxy, benzyloxy, benzyloxy substituted by nitro or aminoalkyl, haloalkyl, polyhaloalkyl, nitro, cyano, sulfonyl, hydroxy, amino, alkylamino, formyl, alkylthio, polyhaloalkoxy, acyloxy, trialkylsilyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, acyl, alkoxycarbonyl alkylsulfinyl;
• --OCONH.sub.2, --OCONH-alkyl, --OCON(alkyl).sub.2, --NHCOO-alkyl, --NHCO-alkyl, phenyl, hydroxyalkyl, or morpholino;
• each R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 is independently selected from the group consisting of H and alkyl;
• each R.sup.8 is independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl or two R.sup.8 groups may be joined to form an alkylene group;
• R.sup.9 is H, alklyl, acyl:
• R.sup.20 is H, phenyl or alkyl;
• and
• R.sup.27 and R.sup.28 are independently selected from the group consisting of H and alkyl.