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US 5,997,621 AGranted
Coating composition having anti-reflective and anti-fogging properties
AssigneeMinnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company
InventorsMatthew T. Scholz, William L. Kausch, David R. Boston, Joseph M. Zoborowski
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
A coating composition which imparts anti-reflective and anti-fog properties to substrates coated therewith. The coating composition utilizes an inorganic metal oxide in combination with particular anionic surfactants. The coating compositions are particularly useful in the manufacture of disposable surgical masks and face shields.
Claims62
A coating composition which imparts anti-reflection and anti-fogging properties to a substrate having at least one surface coated therewith, the coating composition comprising:
- (a) an inorganic metal oxide sol capable of forming a porous inorganic metal oxide network which provides anti-reflective properties to a substrate;
- and
- (b) a surfactant having a solubility in water of less than about 10 percent by weight at 23.degree. C. and comprised of at least one hydrophobic group and at least one hydrophilic anionic group, wherein:
- (i) the hydrophilic anionic group comprises an anion selected from the group consisting of --OSO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --CO.sub.2.sup.-, (--O).sub.2 P(O)O.sup.-, --OP(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O.sup.-).sub.2, --OP(O.sup.-).sub.2, (--SO.sub.2).sub.2 N.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 N(R).sup.-, (--SO.sub.2).sub.2 C.sup.- H, and --N.sup.+ (R).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.x L', wherein R is hydrogen, an alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with atoms independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, or an alkylene carboxyl group, which alkyl or alkylene carboxyl group comprises about 1 to 10 carbon atoms;
- x is 1 to 4;
- and L' is selected from the group consisting of --OSO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 O.sup.-, (--O).sub.2 P(O)O.sup.-, --OP(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2 and --CO.sup.-.sub.2 ;
- and wherein each anionic group is associated with or covalently bound to at least one cation, which cation is selected from the group consisting of H.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Li.sup.+, Ca.sup.+2, Mg.sup.+2, Sr.sup.+2, Al.sup.+3, and R"A.sup.+, wherein R" is R or R' wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl or cycloalkyl group of about 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R' is covalently bonded to the surfactant molecule and is an alkyl bridging group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and A.sup.+ is N.sup.+ R.sub.3, a guanidinium ion optionally substituted with oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atoms, or N.sup.+ B wherein B comprises 3 to 7 atoms selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen atoms which complete the nitrogen containing heterocyclic ring;
- and wherein any R or R' group may be unsubstituted or substituted with atoms independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur;
- the cation selected such that the net charge of the surfactant molecule is neutral;
- and
- (ii) wherein the hydrophobic group comprises a hydrocarbon chain comprising at least 4 carbon atoms, or a perfluorinated radical comprising at least 3 carbon atoms;
- wherein the coating composition when coated on at least one side of a light transmissive substrate and dried provides a coated substrate with:
- (1) a porous inorganic metal oxide network of uniform average thickness;
- (2) a drop diameter of at least about 4 mm when tested in accordance with the Wetting Test described herein;
- and
- (3) a percent transmission at 550 nm which is at least 3 percent greater than that of the uncoated substrate.
13 more elements
An article comprising a substrate which is transparent or translucent to visible light coated with
- (a) a porous inorganic metal oxide network of uniform average thickness which provides anti-reflection properties to a substrate;
- and
- (b) a surfactant having a solubility in water of less than about 10 percent by weight at 23.degree. C. and comprised of at least one hydrophobic group and at least one hydrophilic anionic group, wherein:
- (i) the hydrophilic anionic group comprises an anion selected from the group consisting of --OSO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --CO.sub.2, (--O).sub.2 P(O)O.sup.-, --OP(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O.sup.-).sub.2, --OP(O.sup.-).sub.2, (--SO.sub.2).sub.2 N.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 N(R).sup.-, (--SO.sub.2).sub.2 C.sup.- H, and --N.sup.+ (R).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.x L', wherein R is hydrogen, an all group which is unsubstituted or substituted with atoms independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen nitrogen and sulfur, or an alkylene carboxyl group, which alkyl or alkylene carboxyl group comprises about 1 to 10 carbon atoms;
- x is 1 to 4;
- and L' is selected from the group consisting of --OSO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 O.sup.-, (--O).sub.2 P(O)O.sup.-, --OP(O)(O).sup.-.sub.2, --P(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2 and --CO.sup.-.sub.2, and wherein each anionic group is associated with or covalently bound to at least one cation which cation is selected from the group consisting of H.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Li.sup.+, Ca.sup.+2, Mg.sup.+2, Sr.sup.+2, Al.sup.+3, and R"A.sup.+, wherein R" is R or R' wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl or cycloalkyl group of about 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R' is covalently bonded to the surfactant molecule and is an alkyl bridging group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and A.sup.+ is N.sup.+ R.sub.3, a guanidinium ion optionally substituted with oxygen nitrogen or sulfur atoms, or N.sup.+ B wherein B comprises 3 to 7 atoms selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen atoms which complete the nitrogen containing heterocyclic ring;
- and wherein any R or R' group may be unsubstituted or substituted with atoms independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur;
- the cation selected such that the net charge of the surfactant molecule is neutral;
- and
- (ii) wherein the hydrophobic group comprises a hydrocarbon chain comprising at least 4 carbon atoms, or a perfluorinated radical comprising at least 3 carbon atoms;
- which coated substrate when coated on at least one surface with the inorganic metal oxide network in contact with the surfactant exhibits:
- (1) a drop diameter of at least 4 mm when tested in accordance with the Wetting Test described herein;
- and
- (2) a percent transmission at 550 nm which is at least 3 percent greater than that of the uncoated substrate.
11 more elements
An eye shield comprising a substrate which is transparent or translucent to visible light coated with
- (a) a porous inorganic metal oxide network of uniform average thickness which provides anti-reflection properties to a substrate;
- and
- (b) a surfactant having a solubility in water of less than about 10 percent by weight at 23.degree. C. and comprised of at least one hydrophobic group and at least one hydrophilic anionic group, wherein:
- (i) the hydrophilic anionic group comprises an anion selected from the group consisting of --OSO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --CO.sub.2.sup.-, (--O).sub.2 P(O)O.sup.-, --OP(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O).sub.2, --OP(O.sup.-).sub.2, (--SO.sub.2).sub.2 N.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 N(R).sup.-, (--SO.sub.2).sub.2 C.sup.- H, and --N.sup.+ (R).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.x L', wherein R is hydrogen, an alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with atoms independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, or an alkylene carboxyl group, which alkyl or alkylene carboxyl group comprises about 1 to 10 carbon atoms;
- x is 1 to 4;
- and L' is selected from the group consisting of --OSO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 O.sup.-, (--O).sub.2 P(O)O.sup.-, --OP(O)(O).sup.-.sub.2, --P(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2 and --CO.sup.-.sub.2 ;
- and wherein each anionic group is associated with or covalently bound to at least one cation, which cation is selected from the group consisting of H.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Li.sup.+, Ca.sup.+2, Mg.sup.+2, Sr.sup.+2, Al.sup.+3, and R"A.sup.+, wherein R" is R or R' wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl or cycloalkyl group of about 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R' is covalently bonded to the surfactant molecule and is an alkyl bridging group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and A.sup.+ is N.sup.+ R.sub.3, a guanidinium ion optionally substituted with oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atoms, or N.sup.+ B wherein B comprises 3 to 7 atoms selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen atoms which complete the nitrogen containing heterocyclic ring;
- and wherein any R or R' group may be unsubstituted or substituted with atoms independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur;
- the cation selected such that the net charge of the surfactant molecule is neutral;
- and
- (ii) wherein the hydrophobic group comprises a hydrocarbon chain comprising at least 4 carbon atoms, or a perfluorinated radical comprising at least 3 carbon atoms;
- which coated substrate when coated on at least one surface with the inorganic metal oxide network in contact with the surfactant exhibits:
- (1) a drop diameter of at least 4 mm when tested in accordance with the Wetting Test described herein;
- and
- (2) a percent transmission at 550 nm which is at least 3 percent greater than that of the uncoated substrate.
12 more elements
A method of imparting anti-reflection and anti-fogging properties to a substrate, the method comprising the steps of:
- (a) providing a substrate;
- (b) preparing a coating composition comprising:
- (1) an inorganic metal oxide sol capable of forming a porous network which provides anti-reflection properties to a substrate;
- and
- (2) a surfactant having a solubility in water of less than about 10 percent by weight at 23.degree. C. and comprised of at least one hydrophobic group and at least one hydrophilic anionic group, wherein:
- (i) the hydrophilic anionic group comprises an anion selected from the group consisting of --OSO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --CO.sub.2.sup.-, (--O).sub.2 P(O)O.sup.-, --OP(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O.sup.-).sub.2, --OP(O.sup.-).sub.2, (--SO.sub.2).sub.2 N.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 N(R).sup.-, (--SO.sub.2).sub.2 C.sup.- H, and --N.sup.+ (R).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.x L', wherein R is hydrogen, an alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with atoms independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, or an alkylene carboxyl group, which alkyl or alkylene carboxyl group comprises about 1 to 10 carbon atoms;
- x is 1 to 4;
- and L' is selected from the group consisting of --OSO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 O.sup.-, (--O).sub.2 P(O)O.sup.-, --OP(O)(O).sup.-.sub.2, --P(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2 and --CO.sup.-.sub.2 ;
- and wherein each anionic group is associated with or covalently bound to at least one cation, which cation is selected from the group consisting of H.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Li.sup.+, Ca.sup.+2, Mg.sup.+2, Sr.sup.+2, Al.sup.+3, and R"A.sup.+, wherein R" is R or R' wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl or cycloalkyl group of about 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R' is covalently bonded to the surfactant molecule and is an alkyl bridging group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and A.sup.+ is N.sup.+ R.sub.3, a guanidinium ion optionally substituted with oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atoms, or N.sup.+ B wherein B comprises 3 to 7 atoms selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen atoms which complete the nitrogen containing heterocyclic ring;
- and wherein any R or R' group may be unsubstituted or substituted with atoms independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur;
- the cation selected such that the net charge of the surfactant molecule is neutral;
- and
- (ii) wherein the hydrophobic group comprises a hydrocarbon chain comprising at least 4 carbon atoms, or a perfluorinated radical comprising at least 3 carbon atoms;
- wherein the metal oxide and surfactant are present in the coating composition in amounts sufficient to provide the coated light transmissive substrate
- (1) with a drop diameter of at least about 4 mm when tested in accordance with the Wetting Test described herein;
- and
- (2) with a percent transmission at 550 nm which is at least 3 percent greater than that of the uncoated substrate;
- (c) applying the coating composition to at least one side of a substrate;
- and
- (d) drying the coating composition to produce a coated substrate having a porous inorganic metal oxide network of uniform average thickness.
17 more elements
An article comprising a substrate which is transparent or translucent to visible light coated with
- (a) a porous inorganic metal oxide network of uniform average thickness which provides anti-reflection properties to a substrate;
- and
- (b) a surfactant having a solubility in water of less than about 10 percent by weight at 23.degree. C. and comprised of at least one hydrophobic group and at least one hydrophilic anionic group, wherein:
- (i) the hydrophilic anionic group comprises an anion selected from the group consisting of --OSO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --CO.sub.2.sup.-, (--O).sub.2 P(O)O.sup.-, --OP(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O.sup.-).sub.2, --OP(O.sup.-).sub.2, (--SO.sub.2).sub.2 N.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 N(R).sup.-, (--SO.sub.2).sub.2 C.sup.- H, and --N.sup.+ (R).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.x L', wherein R is hydrogen, an alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with atoms independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, or an alkylene carboxyl group, which alkyl or alkylene carboxyl group comprises about 1 to 10 carbon atoms;
- x is 1 to 4;
- and L' is selected from the group consisting of --OSO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 O.sup.-, (--O).sub.2 P(O)O.sup.-, --OP(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2 and --CO.sup.-.sub.2 ;
- and wherein each anionic group is associated with or covalently bound to at least one cation, which cation is selected from the group consisting of H.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Li.sup.+, Ca.sup.+2, Mg.sup.+2, Sr.sup.+2, Al.sup.+3, and R"A.sup.+, wherein R" is R or R' wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl or cycloalkyl group of about 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R' is covalently bonded to the surfactant molecule and is an alkyl bridging group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and A.sup.+ is N.sup.+ R.sub.3, a guanidinium ion optionally substituted with oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atoms, or N.sup.+ B wherein B comprises 3 to 7 atoms selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen atoms which complete the nitrogen containing heterocyclic ring;
- and wherein any R or R' group may be unsubstituted or substituted with atoms independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur;
- the cation selected such that the net charge of the surfactant molecule is neutral;
- and
- (ii) wherein the hydrophobic group comprises a hydrocarbon chain comprising at least 4 carbon atoms, or a perfluorinated radical comprising at least 3 carbon atoms;
- which coated substrate when coated on at least one surface with the inorganic metal oxide network in contact with the surfactant exhibits:
- (1) a drop diameter of at least 4 mm when tested in accordance with the Wetting Test described herein;
- and
- (2) a percent transmission at 550 nm which is at least 3 percent greater than that of the uncoated substrate;
- and
- wherein the article is packaged within a material which protects the article from environmental exposure.
14 more elements
A method of imparting anti-reflection and anti-fogging properties to a substrate, the method comprising the steps of:
- (a) providing a substrate;
- (b) preparing a first coating composition comprising an inorganic metal oxide sol capable of forming a porous network which provides anti-reflection properties to a substrate;
- (c) preparing a second coating composition comprising a surfactant having a solubility in water of less than about 10 percent by weight at 23.degree. C. and comprised of at least one hydrophobic group and at least one hydrophilic anionic group, wherein:
- (i) the hydrophilic anionic group comprises an anion selected from the group consisting of --OSO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --CO.sub.2.sup.-, (--O).sub.2 P(O)O.sup.-, --OP(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O.sup.-).sub.2, --OP(O.sup.-).sub.2, (--SO.sub.2).sub.2 N.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 N(R).sup.-, (--SO.sub.2).sub.2 C.sup.- H, and --N.sup.+ (R).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.x L', wherein R is hydrogen, an alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with atoms independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, or an alkylene carboxyl group, which alkyl or alkylene carboxyl group comprises about 1 to 10 carbon atoms;
- x is 1 to 4;
- and L' is selected from the group consisting of --OSO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 O.sup.-, (--O).sub.2 P(O)O.sup.-, --OP(O)(O).sup.-.sub.2, --P(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --CO.sup.-.sub.2 ;
- and wherein each anionic group is associated with or covalently bound to at least one cation, which cation is selected from the group consisting of H.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Li.sup.+, Ca.sup.+2, Mg.sup.+2, Sr.sup.+2, Al.sup.+3, and R"A.sup.+, wherein R" is R or R' wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl or cycloalkyl group of about 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R' is covalently bonded to the surfactant molecule and is an alkyl bridging group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and A.sup.+ is N.sup.+ R.sub.3, a guanidinium ion optionally substituted with oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atoms, or N.sup.+ B wherein B comprises 3 to 7 atoms selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen atoms which complete the nitrogen containing heterocyclic ring;
- and wherein any R or R' group may be unsubstituted or substituted with atoms independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur;
- the cation selected such that the net charge of the surfactant molecule is neutral;
- and
- (ii) wherein the hydrophobic group comprises a hydrocarbon chain comprising at least 4 carbon atoms, or a perfluorinated radical comprising at least 3 carbon atoms;
- wherein the substrate is light transmissive and the amount of metal oxide and surfactant applied to the substrate is sufficient to provide the coated substrate with
- (1) a porous inorganic metal oxide network of uniform average thickness;
- (2) a drop diameter of at least about 4 mm when tested in accordance with the Wetting Test described herein;
- and
- (3) a percent transmission at 550 nm which is at least 3 percent greater than that of the uncoated substrate;
- (d) applying either the first or second coating composition to at least one side of the substrate;
- (e) allowing the coating applied in step (d) to dry;
- (f) applying the coating composition not applied in step (d) to the coaling applied in step (d) on at least one side of the substrate;
- and
- (g) allowing the coating applied in step (1) to dry.
18 more elements
A method of imparting anti-reflection and anti-fogging properties to a substrate, the method comprising the steps of:
- (a) providing a substrate;
- (b) preparing a first coating composition comprising inorganic metal oxide particles;
- (c) preparing a second coating conmposition comprising a surfactant comprised of at least one hydrophobic group and at least one hydrophilic anionic group, wherein:
- (i) the hydrophilic anionic group comprises an anion selected from the group consisting of --OSO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --CO.sub.2.sup.-, (--O).sub.2 P(O)O.sup.-, --OP(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2, --P(O.sup.-).sub.2, --OP(O.sup.-).sub.2, (--SO.sub.2).sub.2 N.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 N(R).sup.-, (--SO.sub.2).sub.2 C.sup.- H, and --(R).sub.2 (CH.sub.2).sub.x L', wherein R is hydrogen, an alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with atoms independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, or an alkylene carboxyl group, which alkyl or alkylene carboxyl group comprises about 1 to 10 carbon atoms;
- x is 1 to 4;
- and L' is selected from the group consisting of --OSO.sub.2 O.sup.-, --SO.sub.2 O.sup.-, (--O).sub.2 P(O)O.sup.-, --OP(O)(O).sup.-.sub.2, --P(O)(O.sup.-).sub.2 and --CO.sup.-.sub.2 ;
- and wherein each anionic group is associated with or covaicntly bound to at least one cation, which cation is selected from the group consisting of H.sup.+, Na.sup.+, K.sup.+, Li.sup.+, Ca.sup.+2, Mg.sup.+2, Sr.sup.+2, Al.sup.+3, and R"A.sup.+, wherein R" is R or R' wherein R is hydrogen or an alkkyl or cycloalkyl group of about 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R' is covalently bonded to the surfactant molecule and is an alkyl bridging group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and A.sup.+ is N.sup.+B.sub.3, a guanidinium ion optionally substituted with oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atoms, or N.sup.+ B wherein B comprises 3 to 7 atoms selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen atoms which complete the nitrogen containing heterocyclic ring;
- and wherein any R or R' group may be unsubstituted or substituted with atoms independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur;
- the cation selected such that the net charge of the surfactant molecule is neutral, and
- (ii) wherein the hydrophobic group comprises a hydrocarbon chain comprising at least 4 carbon atoms, or a perfluorinated radical comprising at least 3 carbon atoms;
- wherein the substrate is light transmissive and the amount of metal oxide and surfactant applied to the substrate is sufficient to provide the coated substrate with
- (1) a porous inorganic metal oxide network of uniform average thickness;
- (2) a drop diameter of at least about 4 mm when tested in accordance with the Wetting Test described herein;
- and
- (3) a percent transmission at 550 nm which is at least 3 percent greater than that of the uncoated substrate;
- (d) applying either the first or second coating composition to at least one side of the substrate;
- (e) allowing the coating applied in step (d) to dry;
- (f) applying the coating composition not applied in step (d) to the coating applied in step (d) an at least one side of the substrate;
- and
- (g) allowing the coating applied in step (f) to dry.
17 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.