US 5,989,512 A · Method and device for the pyrolytic decomposition of hydrocarbons

Abstract

In a method for the production of carbon black and hydrogen by means of pyrolysis of hydrocarbons with a plasma torch (3) in a reaction chamber the pressure in the reaction chamber (1), the feed rate for the hydrogen plasma gas and hydrocarbons and the angle of the injection nozzles (2) in the reaction chamber (1) are adjusted in order to establish a reaction zone (5) in the chamber's central area with a location which determines the reaction enthalpy for decomposition of the hydrocarbons into hydrogen and carbon black in order to obtain a desired quality for the carbon part. The enthalpy value is adjusted in a range between 1 and 50 kWh/Nm.sup.3 and the temperature in the reaction zone is maintained between 1000.degree. C. and 4000.degree. C.

Claims9

Dependent claims

In a device for the production of carbon black and hydrogen by means of pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases with a plasma torch including a reaction chamber, said plasma torch having at least one end located in said reaction chamber, a hydrocarbon gas injection nozzle positioned to introduce hydrocarbon gas to said plasma torch, said reaction chamber having a center axis and additional injection nozzles for introducing material into the interior of said reaction chamber, the improvement comprising said additional injection nozzles being located at intervals from one another and each being movable along a longitudinal direction of the reaction chamber and being adjustable angularly with respect to the center axis of the reaction chamber at angles between 90.degree. and 30.degree. relative to said center axis, said nozzles also being adjustable in a tangential direction in relation to said center axis of said reaction chamber.

A method for controlling the production of carbon black and hydrogen by means of pyrolysis of hydrocarbons using a plasma torch in a decomposition reactor having a central axis comprising the steps of feeding hydrogen gas to the plasma torch as the plasma gas, providing injection nozzles in the reaction chamber,

introducing hydrocarbons through said injection nozzles and adjusting the feed rate of the hydrogen gas and the angle of the injection nozzles in the reaction chamber and the pressure in the reaction chamber to establish a reaction zone in a central area of said chamber,
adjusting the enthalpy value in the reaction zone within a range between 1 and 50 kW/Nm.sup.3,
and thereby maintaining the temperature in the reaction zone between 1000 and 4000.degree. C. and adjusting the pressure in the reaction chamber so that the pressure is between 1 and 3 bar,
selecting the feed rate for the hydrogen gas to a value between 6 and 24 Nm.sup.3 /h and setting the angle of the injection nozzles in the reaction chamber in the range between 60.degree. and 30.degree. in relation to the center axis of the reaction chamber to maintain the reaction zone in said central area of the reaction chamber.

1 more element

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.

Method and device for the pyrolytic decomposition of hydrocarbons

Life of this patent

Method and device for the pyrolytic decomposition of hydrocarbons

Life of this patent

Abstract

Claims9