Fluidized-bed thermal reaction apparatus

A fluidized-bed thermal reaction apparatus in which combustible matter containing incombustible components can be burned or gasified in a fluidized-bed furnace, said apparatus comprising:

• a weak diffusion plate and a strong diffusion plate, each having a large number of fluidizing gas feed holes disposed in a bottom portion of the furnace;
• an incombustible component outlet disposed between said weak diffusion plate and said strong diffusion plate;
• a combustible matter feed opening disposed such that combustible matter can be dropped into a region over said weak diffusion plate;
• said weak diffusion plate being capable of supplying a fluidizing gas so as to give a relatively low fluidizing speed to a fluid medium and form a downward stream of fluid medium said weak diffusion plate having a downwardly inclined surface extending toward said incombustible component outlet;
• said strong diffusion plate being capable of supplying a fluidizing gas so as to give a relatively high fluidizing speed to the fluid medium and form an upward stream of fluid medium;
• a part of the fluidizing gas being supplied into the furnace through said incombustible component outlet;
• an inclined wall disposed over said strong diffusion plate to turn over the fluidizing gas and fluid medium flowing upwardly above said strong diffusion plate toward a central portion of the furnace;
• a heat recovery chamber formed between said inclined wall and a furnace side wall, said heat recovery chamber being communicated with the furnace central portion at upper and lower ends of said inclined wall;
• a heat recovery device disposed in said heat recovery chamber;
• and
• a third diffusion plate disposed between said strong diffusion plate and the furnace side wall such that said third diffusion plate is contiguous with an outer edge of said strong diffusion plate, said third diffusion plate being capable of supplying a fluidizing gas so as to give a relatively low fluidizing speed to the fluid medium in said heat recovery chamber, said third diffusion plate having an upwardly inclined surface with the same slope as that of said strong diffusion plate.

A fluidized-bed thermal reaction apparatus in which combustible matter containing incombustible components can be burned or gasified in a fluidized-bed furnace, said apparatus comprising:

• a weak diffusion plate and a strong diffusion plate, each having a large number of fluidizing gas feed holes disposed in a bottom portion of the furnace;
• an incombustible component outlet disposed between said weak diffusion plate and said strong diffusion plate;
• a combustible matter feed opening disposed such that combustible matter can be dropped into a region over said weak diffusion plate;
• said weak diffusion plate being capable of supplying a fluidizing gas so as to give a relatively low fluidizing speed to a fluid medium and form a downward stream of fluid medium, said weak diffusion plate having a downwardly inclined surface extending toward said incombustible component outlet;
• said strong diffusion plate being capable of supplying a fluidizing gas so as to give a relatively high fluidizing speed to the fluid medium and form an upward stream of fluid medium;
• a part of the fluidizing gas being supplied into the furnace through said incombustible component outlet;
• a bottom of said fluidized-bed furnace and weak diffusion plate each being approximately circular as viewed in plan;
• said weak diffusion plate having a conical shape in which a center of a circular portion is high and a peripheral edge of said circular portion is low;
• said incombustible component outlet having a configuration comprising a plurality of partial annular shapes disposed in concentric relation to said weak diffusion plate;
• and
• said strong diffusion plate being annular and disposed in concentric relation to said weak diffusion plate.

A fluidized-bed thermal reaction apparatus in which combustible matter containing incombustible components can be burned or gasified in a fluidized-bed furnace, said apparatus comprising:

• a weak diffusion plate, an auxiliary diffusion plate, and a strong diffusion plate, each having a large number of fluidizing gas feed holes, disposed in a bottom portion of the furnace;
• an incombustible component outlet disposed between said auxiliary diffusion plate and said strong diffusion plate;
• a combustible matter feed opening disposed such that combustible matter can be dropped into a region over said weak diffusion plate;
• said weak diffusion plate being capable of supplying a fluidizing gas so as to give a relatively low fluidizing speed to a fluid medium and form a downward stream of fluid medium, said weak diffusion plate having a downwardly inclined surface extending toward said incombustible component outlet;
• said auxiliary diffusion plate being capable of supplying a fluidizing gas so as to give a relatively high fluidizing speed to the fluid medium, said auxiliary diffusion plate having a downwardly inclined surface with a steeper slope than said weak diffusion plate between a lower edge of said weak diffusion plate and said incombustible component outlet such that said downwardly inclined surface of said auxiliary diffusion plate extends toward said incombustible component outlet;
• said strong diffusion plate being capable of supplying a fluidizing gas so as to give a relatively high fluidizing speed to the fluid medium and form an upward stream of fluid medium;
• a lower edge of said downwardly inclined surface of said auxiliary diffusion plate being substantially aligned with an edge of the adjacent said strong diffusion plate when viewed in plan, said two edges are being spaced from each other in a vertical direction;
• and
• said incombustible component outlet opening in a vertical gap between said two edges.

A fluidized-bed thermal reaction apparatus in which combustible matter containing incombustible components can be burned or gasified in a fluidized-bed furnace, said apparatus comprising:

• a weak diffusion plate and a strong diffusion plate, each having a large number of fluidizing gas feed holes disposed in a bottom portion of the furnace;
• an incombustible component outlet disposed between said weak diffusion plate and said strong diffusion plate;
• a combustible matter feed opening disposed such that combustible matter can be dropped into a region over said weak diffusion plate;
• said weak diffusion plate being capable of supplying a fluidizing gas so as to give a relatively low fluidizing speed to a fluid medium and form a downward stream of fluid medium, said weak diffusion plate having a downwardly inclined surface extending toward said incombustible component outlet;
• said strong diffusion plate being capable of supplying a fluidizing gas so as to give a relatively high fluidizing speed to the fluid medium and form an upward stream of fluid medium;
• a part of the fluidizing gas being supplied into the furnace through said incombustible component outlet;
• an auxiliary diffusion plate having a large number of fluidizing gas feed holes disposed between said weak diffusion plate and said incombustible component outlet, said auxiliary diffusion plate being capable of supplying a fluidizing gas so as to give a relatively high fluidizing speed to the fluid medium, said auxiliary diffusion plate having a downwardly inclined surface with a steeper slope than that of said weak diffusion plate between a lower edge of said weak diffusion plate and said incombustible component outlet such that said downwardly inclined surface extends toward said incombustible component outlet;
• and
• a bottom of said fluidized-bed furnace and said weak diffusion plate each being approximately circular as viewed in plan, said weak diffusion plate being a conical shape in which a center of a circular portion is high and a peripheral edge of said circular portion is low, said incombustible component outlet being a configuration comprising a plurality of partial annular shapes disposed in concentric relation to said weak diffusion plate, and said strong diffusion plate being annular and disposed in concentric relation to said weak diffusion plate.