Hydraulic tensioner having a piston with a pressure relief valve and grooved tip

A hydraulic tensioner comprising:

• a housing having a bore defining a central axis;
• a piston slidably received in said bore, said piston and said bore forming a fluid chamber therebetween, said piston having a body portion and a cap portion fixed to said body portion,
• a first fluid passage formed through the center of said body portion of said piston along said central axis from said fluid chamber to said cap portion of said piston;
• a first piston spring placed against said pistion cap portion to bias said piston in a protruding direction from said bore along said central axis;
• a second fluid passage, said second fluid passage formed in said housing to connect the fluid chamber with a source of pressurized fluid;
• a third fluid passage, said third fluid passage formed through said piston cap portion, said third fluid passage being connected to said first fluid passage at a junction;
• a pressure relief valve body, said pressure relief valve body being located at said junction of said first fluid passage and said third fluid passage, said pressure relief valve body being biased against said first fluid passage to prevent the flow of fluid through said junction;
• actuation of said pressure relief valve body at a predetermined maximum pressure in said fluid chamber causing movement of said valve body from said junction to permit fluid flow out of said first fluid passage and through said third fluid passage and through said piston cap portion.