# US 5,862,877 A · Cradle assembly > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,862,877 A - Document ID: US5862877A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/361,310 - Filed: 1994-12-20 - Granted: 1999-01-26 - Earliest claimed: 1994-12-20 - Assignees: Cosma International Inc. - Inventors: Frank A. Horton; Gary A. Butynski; Michael J. Devor; Matthias Gille - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5862877A ## CPC - B60G 99/004: {Other suspension arrangements with rubber springs} - B60G 7/02: Attaching arms to sprung part of vehicle {(B60G7/006 takes precedence)} - B62D 21/11: with resilient means for suspension {, e.g. of wheels or engine; sub-frames for mounting engine or suspensions} - F16F 1/38: with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin {, i.e. bushing-type (hydraulically-damped bushes F16F13/14; suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of elastomeric spring members between rotating elements, driveline torque being transmitted therebetween F16F15/126, by making use of a dynamic damping mass attached to a rotating element by means of elastomeric springs F16F15/14; pivots per se F16C11/00; elastic or yielding bearings or bearing supports F16C27/00; parts of sliding-contact bearings, e.g. bushes F16C33/04)} - B60G 2200/142: with a single lateral arm, e.g. MacPherson type - B60G 2200/44: steerable - B60G 2202/135: Stabiliser bar and/or tube - B60G 2202/312: The spring being a wound spring - B60G 2204/15: Mounting of subframes - B60G 2204/41: Elastic mounts, e.g. bushings - B60G 2204/4404: Retainers for holding a fixing element, e.g. bushing, nut, bolt etc., until it is tightly fixed in position - B60G 2204/4502: using resilient buffer - B60G 2206/012: Hollow or tubular elements - B60G 2206/60: Subframe construction - B60G 2206/8107: by hydroforming - Y10T 29/49805: Shaping by direct application of fluent pressure - Y10T 403/75: having a joining piece extending through aligned openings in plural members - B60G: VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS (air-cushion vehicles B60V; {cycle suspensions B62K25/00}) - B62D: MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS (steering, or guiding on a desired track, of agricultural machines or implements A01B69/00; wheels, castors, axles, increasing wheel adhesion B60B; vehicle tyres, tyre inflation or tyre changing B60C; connections between vehicles of a train or the like B60D; vehicles for use on rail and road, amphibious or convertible vehicles B60F; suspension arrangements B60G; heating, cooling, ventilating or other air treating devices B60H; windows, windscreens, non-fixed roofs, doors or similar devices, protective coverings for vehicles not in use B60J; propulsion plant arrangements, auxiliary drives, transmissions, controls, instrumentation or dashboards B60K; electric equipment or propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles B60L; power supply for electrically-propelled vehicles B60M; passenger accommodation not otherwise provided for B60N; adaptations for load transportation or to carry special loads or objects B60P; arrangement of signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor, for vehicles in general B60Q; vehicles, vehicle fittings or vehicle parts not otherwise provided for B60R; servicing, cleaning, repairing, supporting, lifting, or manoeuvring, not otherwise provided for, B60S; brake arrangements, brake control systems or parts thereof B60T; air-cushion vehicles B60V; motor-cycles, accessories therefor B62J, B62K; testing of vehicles G01M) - F16F: SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract A cradle assembly for a motor vehicle comprises a pair of spaced side frame members, a front cross frame member and a rear cross frame member. The front cross frame member is connected with front ends of the side frame members. The rear cross frame member extends between rear ends of the side frame members. The frame members are formed from tubular metal blanks by a hydroforming process in which each blank has fluid pressure provided internally thereto and thereby radially expanded so that the frame members have a peripheral configuration modified with respect to an original peripheral configuration of the associated blanks. The side frame members have the amount of metal per unit length varied during the hydroforming thereof so as to present at least one longitudinal area at which i) a transverse cross-section defined by the modified peripheral configuration is increased by more than 5% of an original cross-section and ii) the amount of metal per unit length is greater than at least some other areas of the side frame members. The side frame members each have a rigid suspension mount structure constructed and arranged to mount a vehicle suspension member to the associated side frame member thereof. The rigid suspension mount is rigidly secured to the associated side frame member at the at least one longitudinal area having the transverse cross-section defined by the modified peripheral configuration increased by more than 5% of the original cross-section. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A cradle assembly for a motor vehicle comprising: a pair of spaced side frame members having front and rear ends; a front cross frame member extending between the front ends of said side frame members; and a rear cross frame member extending between the rear ends of said side frame members, said frame members being formed from tubular metal blanks in a hydroforming process in which each blank has fluid pressure provided internally thereto and thereby radially expanded so that the frame members have a peripheral configuration modified with respect to an original peripheral configuration of the tubular metal blanks, said side frame members having an amount of metal per unit length varied during the hydroforming process thereof so as to present at least one longitudinal portion at which i) a transverse cross-section defined by the modified peripheral configuration is increased by more than 5% of an original cross-section, ii) a wall thickness of the modified peripheral configuration is within .+-.10% of an original wall thickness, and iii) the amount of metal per unit length is greater than at least some other longitudinal portions of said side frame members, and said side frame members each having an associated rigid suspension mount structure constructed and arranged to mount a vehicle suspension member thereon, each said rigid suspension mount structure being rigidly secured to the associated side frame member at said at least one longitudinal portion having said transverse cross-section increased by more than 5% of the original cross-section and said wall thickness within .+-.10% of the original wall thickness. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The cradle assembly according to claim 1, wherein said front cross frame member includes a central portion to which the front ends of the side frame members are welded, and opposite end portions extending rearwardly and laterally outwards from the front ends of the side frame members, the opposite end portions being constructed and arranged to enable the cradle assembly to be secured with a vehicle frame. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The cradle assembly according to claim 2, further comprising a brace member rigidly welded between each end portion of the front cross frame member and the associated side frame member. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The cradle assembly according to claim 3, wherein said front cross frame member has the amount of metal per unit length varied so that the end portions of the front cross frame member at which the brace members are welded each have i) a transverse cross-section defined by the modified peripheral configuration increased by more than 5% of the original cross-section, and ii) the amount of metal per unit length being greater than that of the central portion of the front cross frame member. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The cradle assembly according to claim 1, wherein said rear cross frame member has fastener receptacles extending therethrough at opposite ends thereof, and wherein said side frame members have fastener receptacles extending therethrough at said rear ends thereof, said fastener receptacles at said opposite ends of the rear cross frame member being aligned with the fastener receptacles at respective rear ends of the side frame members, and further comprising fasteners extending through the aligned fastener receptacles to thereby fasten the opposite ends of said rear cross frame member to the respective rear ends of the side frame members. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The cradle assembly according to claim 5, wherein said rear cross frame member and said side frame members each have a substantially rectangular cross-section defined by a pair of spaced horizontal walls and a pair of spaced vertical walls, each of said walls including an interior and exterior surface, said rear cross member having the exterior surface of one of said horizontal walls thereof disposed in surface-to-surface engagement at said opposite ends thereof with the exterior surface of the respective rear ends of said side frame members. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The cradle assembly according to claim 6, wherein said fastener receptacles in said frame members are defined by vertically aligned openings in said spaced horizontal walls and fastener receiving sleeve members extending between said openings, said sleeve members each having one end thereof annularly welded to the interior surface of the associated frame member about one of said openings in the horizontal wall disposed in surface-to-surface engagement, said sleeve member including an intermediate portion extending from said one end through the associated frame member and through the vertically aligned opening in the horizontal wall spaced from the wall in surface-to-surface engagement, said sleeve member having an opposite end extending radially outwardly so as to define a flange engaging the exterior surface of the associated frame member about said vertically aligned opening in the horizontal wall spaced from the wall in surface-to-surface engagement. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The cradle assembly according to claim 7, wherein said aligned fastener receptacles at the opposite ends of the rear cross frame member and at said respective rear ends of the side frame members have one of the sleeve members thereof provided with threads along the intermediate portion thereof, and wherein said fasteners each comprise a threaded stem constructed and arranged to be threadedly engaged with the threaded intermediate portion of said one of the sleeve members, and a fastener head construct ed to engage the flange of the sleeve member aligned with the sleeve member provided with said threaded intermediate portion to enable said fastener to pull the exterior surfaces disposed in surface-to-surface engagement into rigidly fixed engagement with one another when said fastener is tightened. ### Claim 9 (depends on 2) The cradle assembly according to claim 2, wherein said rear ends of said side frame members and opposite ends of said front cross frame member are constructed and arranged to enable said cradle assembly to be secured with the vehicle frame, said side frame members and said front cross frame member each having a substantially rectangular cross-section defined by a pair of spaced horizontal walls and a pair of spaced vertical walls, each of said walls including an interior and exterior surface, said rear ends of the side frame members and the opposite ends of the front cross frame member each including vehicle frame fastener receiving portions for securing the cradle assembly with the vehicle frame, said vehicle frame fastener receiving portions each including vertically aligned openings in said spaced horizontal walls of the associated frame member and a sleeve member extending between said openings, said sleeve members each having one end annularly welded to the interior surface of the associated frame member about said opening in one of the horizontal walls which is to engage the vehicle frame, said sleeve member including an intermediate portion extending from the annular weld through the associated frame member and through the vertically aligned opening in the horizontal wall spaced from the wall which is to engage the vehicle frame, said sleeve member having an opposite end extending radially outwardly to define a flange engaging the exterior surface of the associated frame member about the vertically aligned opening in the horizontal wall spaced from the wall which is to engage the vehicle frame. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The cradle assembly according to claim 9, wherein said vehicle frame fastener receiving portions each further include concentrically disposed inner and outer interior sleeves extending concentrically within each of the sleeve members, said vehicle frame fastener receiving portions further including a resilient material disposed between said interior sleeves, said inner interior sleeve being adapted to receive a fastener therethrough to secure the associated frame member with the vehicle frame. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The cradle assembly according to claim 1, wherein said rear cross frame member extending between said rear ends of the side frame members is integrally formed with the side frame members from a single substantially U-shaped tubular metal blank during said hydroforming process in which fluid pressure is provided internally to the U-shaped blank so as to radially expand the blank into peripheral surface engagement with an interior mold surface, said U-shaped blank including a bight portion and a pair of opposite leg portions, said bight portion of said U-shaped blank being formed into the rear cross frame member and said opposite leg portions of the U-shaped blank being formed into said side frame members. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The cradle assembly according to claim 1, wherein the at least one longitudinal portions at which said rigid suspension mount structure is rigidly secured is expanded to an extent greater than all other longitudinal portions of the associated side frame member. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The cradle assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one longitudinal portion has said transverse cross-section increased by more than 26% of the original cross-section. ### Claim 14 A method for manufacturing a cradle assembly for a motor vehicle, comprising: forming a pair of side frame members, a front cross frame member, and a rear cross frame member, said front cross frame member, said rear cross frame member, and said side frame members being formed from metallic tubular blanks in a hydroforming process in which each blank is formed by placing the metallic tubular blank into a cavity of a die mold, said die mold having an interior surface defining a shape of the cavity; and providing a fluid internally to the metallic tubular blank with sufficient pressure so as to expand the metallic tubular blank outwardly so that an exterior surface thereof is moved into peripheral surface engagement with the interior surface of the die mold to substantially conform the metallic tubular blank to the shape of the cavity, and so that the formed frame member has a peripheral configuration modified with respect to an original peripheral configuration of the associated tubular metal blank, said side frame members having an amount of metal per unit length varied during the hydroforming process so that at least one longitudinal portion thereof has i) a transverse cross-section defined by the modified peripheral configuration increased by more than 5% of an original cross-section, ii) a wall thickness of the modified peripheral configuration within .+-.10% of an original wall thickness, and iii) the amount of metal per unit length greater than that of at least some other portions thereof; securing a suspension mount to each of the side frame members at said at least one longitudinal portion thereof having the transverse cross-section increased by more than 5% of the original cross-section and said wall thickness within .+-.10% of the original wall thickness; and connecting the front cross frame member with forward ends of said side frame members, and the rear cross frame member with rearward ends of said side frame members. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method according to claim 14, further comprising inwardly forcing opposite ends of each metallic tubular blank while providing said fluid therein so as to replenish a wall thickness of the metallic tubular blank as the metallic tubular blank is expanded so that the wall thickness of the expanded metallic tubular metal blank remains within .+-.10% of the original blank wall thickness. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The method according to claim 14, wherein said securing of the suspension mount to each of said side frame members is accomplished by welding. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein said at least one longitudinal portion has said transverse cross-section increased by more than 26% of the original cross-section. ### Claim 18 A cradle assembly for a motor vehicle comprising: a pair of spaced side frame members having front and rear ends; a front cross frame member extending between the front ends of said side frame members; and a rear cross frame member extending between the rear ends of said side frame members; said rear cross frame member and said side frame members each having a substantially rectangular transverse cross-section defined by a pair of spaced generally horizontal walls and a pair of spaced generally vertical walls, each of said walls including an interior and exterior surface; said rear cross frame member having fastener receiving sleeve members at opposite ends thereof extending through one of said spaced horizontal walls thereof and engaging the interior surface of the other of said spaced horizontal walls thereof, and said side frame members each having fastener receiving sleeve members at said rear ends thereof extending through one of said spaced horizontal walls thereof and engaging the interior surface of the other of said spaced horizontal walls thereof, said fastener receiving sleeve members at said opposite ends of the rear cross frame member being aligned with respective fastener sleeve members at the rear ends of said side frame members; fasteners each extending through the respective aligned fastener receiving sleeve members at said opposite ends of said rear cross frame member and said rear ends of the side frame members, said fasteners being constructed and arranged to fasten the opposite ends of said rear cross frame member with the respective rear ends of the side frame members, said rear cross frame member having the exterior surface of said other of said horizontal walls thereof disposed in surface-to-surface engagement at said opposite ends thereof with the exterior surface of said other of said horizontal walls of said respective rear ends of said side frame members. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) A cradle assembly according to claim 18, wherein said sleeve members have one end thereof annularly welded at said engagement with the interior surface of the associated frame member in surrounding relation to associated first openings in the horizontal wall disposed in surface-to-surface engagement, said sleeve members including an intermediate portion extending from said one end through an inner space of the associated frame member and through second openings the horizontal wall spaced from the wall in surface-to-surface engagement, said first openings being vertically aligned with said second openings, said sleeve members having an opposite ends extending radially outwardly so as to define a flange engaging the exterior surface of the associated frame member about said second of said vertically aligned openings in the horizontal wall spaced from the wall in surface-to-surface engagement. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) A cradle assembly according to claim 19, wherein for each pair of aligned sleeve members, at least one of said aligned sleeve members with said pair has threads along the intermediate interior portion thereof, and wherein said fasteners each comprise a threaded stem constructed and arranged to be threadedly engaged with the threaded intermediate portion of said at least one of the sleeve members within said pair, and a fastener head constructed and arranged to engage the flange of one of said aligned sleeve members within said pair to enable said fastener to pull the exterior surfaces disposed in surface-to-surface engagement into rigidly fixed engagement with one another when said fastener is tightened. ### Claim 21 (depends on 18) The cradle assembly according to claim 18, wherein said rear ends of said side frame members and opposite ends of said front cross frame member are constructed and arranged to enable said cradle assembly to be secured a frame of the motor vehicle, said front cross frame member having a substantially rectangular cross-section defined by a pair of spaced horizontal walls and a pair of spaced vertical walls, each of said walls including an interior and exterior surface, said rear ends of the side frame members and the opposite ends of the front cross frame member each include vehicle frame fastener receiving portions for securing the cradle assembly with the vehicle frame, said vehicle frame fastener receiving portions each including vertically aligned openings in said spaced horizontal walls of the associated frame member and a sleeve member extending between said openings, each said sleeve member having one end annularly welded to an interior surface of the associated frame member about said opening in one of the horizontal walls which is to engage the vehicle frame, said sleeve member including an intermediate portion extending from the annular weld through the associated frame member and through one of the vertically aligned openings in the horizontal wall spaced from the horizontal wall which is to engage the vehicle frame, said sleeve member having an opposite end extending radially outwardly to define a flange engaging an exterior surface of the associated frame member about the one of the vertically aligned openings in the horizontal wall spaced from the horizontal wall which is to engage the vehicle frame. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The cradle assembly according to claim 21, wherein said vehicle frame fastener receiving portions each further include concentrically disposed inner and outer interior sleeves extending concentrically within each sleeve member, said vehicle frame fastener receiving portions further including a resilient material disposed between said interior sleeves, said inner interior sleeve being adapted to receive a fastener therethrough to secure the associated frame member with the vehicle frame.