Cracking property determination

A computer implemented method for a system including a spectrometer linked to a process line containing a material X, which is a feed to a steam cracking process, a computer linked to the spectrometer, and a controller linked to the computer and the process line, the computer including databanks having stored therein absorptions of standard materials and corresponding properties of said materials, or yield of said process, the method comprises steps of:

• measuring absorption at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm at the process line and producing absorption signals by the spectrometer in accordance therewith;
• assessing the databanks of the computer in accordance with the absorption signals;
• comparing, by the computer, the absorption signals to the absorptions of the standard materials stored in the databanks;
• choosing at least one standard based on the comparing, said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the absorption or derivative thereof for the material and the absorption or derivative thereof for the standards, to obtain a value which is the same as the corresponding property or yield or an average of said properties or yields when more than one standard is chosen;
• and
• controlling said process line in accordance with the choosing.

A computer programmed to perform the method of determining or predicting a value P.sub.x of a property of a feed X to a steam cracking process or yield of said process, which method comprises measuring the absorption D.sub.ix of said material at more than one n the region 600-2600 nm, comparing said absorptions or a derivative thereof with absorptions D.sub.im or derivatives thereof at the same wavelength for a number of standards S in a bank for which said property or yield P is known, and choosing from the bank at least one standard S.sub.m with property P.sub.m, said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the absorption D.sub.i x or derivative thereof for the material and the absorption D.sub.i m or derivative thereof for the standard S.sub.m to obtain P.sub.x, which is the same as property or yield P.sub.m or an average of said properties or yields P.sub.m when more than one standard S.sub.m is chosen,

• wherein a proximity index is defined by i.sup.2 (.sub.xm)=.SIGMA.(D.sub.ix -D.sub.im).sup.2, the proximity index being less than a minimal index i.sub.m which has been determined from preselected standards by (a) calculating for each pair of the standards a value of a corresponding proximity index to obtain a series of proximity indices with corresponding property differences, (b) relating values of the proximity indices to corresponding property differences, (c) calculating an average of the corresponding property differences for predetermined values L which are greater than a corresponding proximity index, (d) calculating the minimal index based on the average property differences and a reproducibility standard for the property.

A computer implemented method for a system including a spectrometer linked to a process line containing a material X, which is a feed to a steam cracking process, a computer linked to the spectrometer, and a controller linked to the computer and the process line, the computer including databanks having stored therein absorptions of standard materials and corresponding properties of said materials, or yield of said process, the method comprises steps of:

• measuring absorption at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm at the process line and producing absorption signals by the spectrometer in accordance therewith;
• assessing the databanks of the computer in accordance with the absorption signals;
• comparing, by the computer, the absorption signals to the absorptions of the standard materials stored in the databanks;
• choosing at least one standard based on the comparing, said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the absorption or derivative thereof for the material and the absorption or derivative thereof for the standards, to obtain a value which is the same as the corresponding property or yield or an average of said properties or yields when more than one standard is chosen;
• and
• controlling said process line in accordance with the choosing,
• wherein a proximity index is defined by i.sup.2 (.sub.xm)=.SIGMA.(D.sub.ix -D.sub.im).sup.2, the proximity index being less than a minimal index i.sub.m which has been determined from preselected standards by (a) calculating for each pair of the standards a value of a corresponding proximity index to obtain a series of proximity indices with corresponding property differences, (b) relating values of the proximity indices to corresponding property differences, (c) calculating an average of the corresponding property differences for predetermined values L which are greater than a corresponding proximity index, (d) calculating the minimal index based on the average property differences and a reproducibility standard for the property.

A computer implemented method for a system including a spectrometer linked to a process line containing a material X, which is a feed to a steam cracking process, a computer linked to the spectrometer, and a controller linked to the computer and the process line, the computer including databanks having stored therein absorptions of standard materials and corresponding properties of said materials, or yield of said process, the method comprises steps of:

• measuring absorption at more than one n the region 600-2600 nm at the process line and producing absorption signals by the spectrometer in accordance therewith;
• assessing the databanks of the computer in accordance with the absorption signals;
• comparing, by the computer, the absorption signals to the absorptions of the standard materials stored in the databanks;
• choosing at least one standard based on the comparing, said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the absorption or derivative thereof for the material and the absorption or derivative thereof for the standards, to obtain a value which is the same as the corresponding property or yield or an average of said properties or yields when more than one standard is chosen;
• and
• controlling said process line in accordance with the choosing, wherein the property is a physicochemical property of material X.

A computer implemented method for a system including a spectrometer linked to a process line containing a material X, which is a feed to a steam cracking process, a computer linked to the spectrometer, and a controller linked to the computer and the process line, the computer including databanks having stored therein absorptions of standard materials and corresponding properties of said materials, or yield of said process, the method comprises steps of:

• measuring absorption at more than one n the region 600-2600 nm at the process line and producing absorption signals by the spectrometer in accordance therewith;
• assessing the databanks of the computer in accordance with the absorption signals;
• comparing, by the computer, the absorption signals to the absorptions of the standard materials stored in the databanks;
• choosing at least one standard based on the comparing, said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the absorption or derivative thereof for the material and the absorption or derivative thereof for the standards, to obtain a value which is the same as the corresponding property or yield or an average of said properties or yields when more than one standard is chosen;
• and
• controlling said process line in accordance with the choosing, wherein the property is a yield of a product of said process.

A computer implemented method for a system including a spectrometer linked to a process line containing a material X, which is a feed to a steam cracking process, a computer linked to the spectrometer, and a controller linked to the computer and the process line, the computer including databanks having stored therein absorptions of standard materials and corresponding properties of said materials, or yield of said process, the method comprises steps of:

• measuring absorption at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm at the process line and producing absorption signals by the spectrometer in accordance therewith;
• assessing the databanks of the computer in accordance with the absorption signals;
• comparing, by the computer, the absorption signals to the absorptions of the standard materials stored in the databanks;
• choosing at least one standard based on the comparing, said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the absorption or derivative thereof for the material and the absorption or derivative thereof for the standards, to obtain a value which is the same as the corresponding property or yield or an average of said properties or yields when more than one standard is chosen;
• controlling said process line in accordance with the choosing;
• and,
• determining, from the absorptions of the feed to said process, the yield of at least one product from the process.

A computer implemented method for a system including a spectrometer linked to a process line containing a material X, which is a feed to a steam cracking process, a computer linked to the spectrometer, and a controller linked to the computer and the process line, the computer including databanks having stored therein absorptions of standard materials and corresponding properties of said materials, or yield of said process, the method comprises steps of:

• measuring absorption at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm at the process line and producing absorption signals by the spectrometer in accordance therewith;
• assessing the databanks of the computer in accordance with the absorption signals;
• comparing, by the computer, the absorption signals to the absorptions of the standard materials stored in the databanks;
• choosing at least one standard based on the comparing, said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the absorption or derivative thereof for the material and the absorption or derivative thereof for the standards, to obtain a value which is the same as the corresponding property or yield or an average of said properties or yields when more than one standard is chosen;
• controlling said process line in accordance with the choosing;
• and, determining the yield of at least one of alkene of 2-4 carbons, methane and coke as expressed by a cokability index.

A computer implemented method for a system including a spectrometer linked to a process line containing a material X, which is a feed to a steam cracking process, a computer linked to the spectrometer, and a controller linked to the computer and the process line, the computer including databanks having stored therein absorptions of standard materials and corresponding properties of said materials, or yield of said process, the method comprises steps of:

• measuring absorption at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm at the process line and producing absorption signals by the spectrometer in accordance therewith;
• assessing the databanks of the computer in accordance with the absorption signals;
• comparing, by the computer, the absorption signals to the absorptions of the standard materials stored in the databanks;
• choosing at least one standard based on the comparing, said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the absorption or derivative thereof for the material and the absorption or derivative thereof for the standards, to obtain a value which is the same as the corresponding property or yield or an average of said properties or yields when more than one standard is chosen;
• controlling said process line in accordance with the choosing;
• and,
• determining at least one property of said feed, which property is the percentage of at least one component thereof, its density and/or its mean molecular weight.

A computer programmed to perform the method of determining or predicting a value P.sub.x of a property of a feed X to a steam cracking process or yield of said process, which method comprises measuring the absorption D.sub.ix of said material at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm, comparing said absorptions or a derivative thereof with absorptions D.sub.im or derivatives thereof at the same wavelength for a number of standards S in a bank for which said property or yield P is known, and choosing from the bank at least one standard S.sub.m with property P.sub.m, said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the absorption D.sub.i x or derivative thereof for the material and the absorption D.sub.i m or derivative thereof for the standard S.sub.m to obtain P.sub.x, which is the same as Property or yield P.sub.m or an average of said properties or yields P.sub.m when more than one standard S.sub.m is chosen, wherein the method comprises determining at least one property of said feed, which property is the percentage of at least one component thereof, its density and/or its mean molecular weight, wherein the property is a physicochemical property of feed X and wherein a proximity index is defined by i.sup.2 (.sub.xm)=.SIGMA.(D.sub.ix -D.sub.im).sup.2, the proximity index being less than a minimal index i.sub.m which has been determined from preselected standards by (a) calculating for each pair of the standards a value of a corresponding proximity index to obtain a series of proximity indices with corresponding property differences, (b) relating values of the proximity indices to corresponding property differences, (c) calculating an average of the corresponding property differences for predetermined values L which are greater than a corresponding proximity index, (d) calculating the minimal index based on the average property differences and a reproducibility standard for the property.

A computer implemented method for a system including a spectrometer linked to a process line containing a material X, which is a feed to a steam cracking process, a computer linked to the spectrometer, and a controller linked to the computer and the process line, the computer including databanks having stored therein absorptions of standard materials and corresponding properties of said materials, or yield of said process, the method comprises steps of:

• measuring absorption at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm at the process line and producing absorption signals by the spectrometer in accordance therewith;
• assessing the databanks of the computer in accordance with the absorption signals;
• comparing, by the computer, the absorption signals to the absorptions of the standard materials stored in the databanks;
• choosing at least one standard based on the comparing, said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the absorption or derivative thereof for the material and the absorption or derivative thereof for the standards, to obtain a value which is the same as the corresponding property or yield or an average of said properties or yields when more than one standard is chosen;
• and
• controlling said process line in accordance with the choosing;
• and,
• determining at least one property of said feed, which property is the percentage of at least one component thereof, its density and/or its mean molecular weight,
• wherein the property is a physicochemical property of material X, and
• wherein a proximity index is defined by i.sup.2 (.sub.xm)=.SIGMA.(D.sub.ix -D.sub.im).sup.2, the proximity index being less than a minimal index i.sub.m which has been determined from preselected standards by (a) calculating for each pair of the standards a value of a corresponding proximity index to obtain a series of proximity indices with corresponding property differences, (b) relating values of the proximity indices to corresponding property differences, (c) calculating an average of the corresponding property differences for predetermined values L which are greater than a corresponding proximity index, (d) calculating the minimal index based on the average property differences and a reproducibility standard for the property.

A computer programmed to perform the method of determining or predicting a value P.sub.x of a property of a feed X to a steam cracking process or yield of said process, which method comprises measuring the absorption D.sub.ix of said material at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm, comparing said absorptions or a derivative thereof with absorptions D.sub.im or derivatives thereof at the same wavelength for a number of standards S in a bank for which said property or yield P is known, and choosing from the bank at least one standard S.sub.m with property P.sub.m, said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the absorption D.sub.i x or derivative thereof for the material and the absorption D.sub.i m or derivative thereof for the standard S.sub.m to obtain P.sub.x, which is the same as property or yield P.sub.m or an average of said properties or yields P.sub.m when more than one standard S.sub.m is chosen, wherein the method comprises determining the yield of at least one of alkene of 2-4 carbons, methane and coke as expressed by a cokability index, and determining from the absorptions of the feed to said process, the yield of at least one product from the process and,

• wherein a proximity index is defined by i.sup.2 (.sub.xm)=.SIGMA.(D.sub.ix -D.sub.im).sup.2, the proximity index being less than a minimal index i.sub.m which has been determined from preselected standards by (a) calculating for each pair of the standards a value of a corresponding proximity index to obtain a series of proximity indices with corresponding property differences, (b) relating values of the proximity indices to corresponding property differences, (c) calculating an average of the corresponding property differences for predetermined values L which are greater than a corresponding proximity index, (d) calculating the minimal index based on the average property differences and a reproducibility standard for the property.

A computer implemented method for a system including a spectrometer linked to a process line containing a material X, which is a feed to a steam cracking process, a computer linked to the spectrometer, and a controller linked to the computer and the process line, the computer including databanks having stored therein absorptions of standard materials and corresponding properties of said materials, or yield of said process, the method comprises steps of:

• measuring absorption at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm at the process line and producing absorption signals by the spectrometer in accordance therewith;
• assessing the databanks of the computer in accordance with the absorption signals;
• comparing, by the computer, the absorption signals to the absorptions of the standard materials stored in the databanks;
• choosing at least one standard based on the comparing, said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the absorption or derivative thereof for the material and the absorption or derivative thereof for the standards, to obtain a value which is the same as the corresponding property or yield or an average of said properties or yields when more than one standard is chosen;
• controlling said process line in accordance with the choosing;
• determining the yield of at least one of alkene of 2-4 carbons, methane and coke as expressed by a cokability index;
• and,
• determining from the absorptions of the feed to said process, the yield of at least one product from the process,
• wherein a proximity index is defined by i.sup.2 (.sub.xm)=.SIGMA.(D.sub.ix -D.sub.im).sup.2, the proximity index being less than a minimal index i.sub.m which has been determined from preselected standards by (a) calculating for each pair of the standards a value of a corresponding proximity index to obtain a series of proximity indices with corresponding property differences, (b) relating values of the proximity indices to corresponding property differences, (c) calculating an average of the corresponding property differences for predetermined values L which are greater than a corresponding proximity index, (d) calculating the minimal index based on the average property differences and a reproducibility standard for the property.