Method of treating or preventing type 1 diabetes by oral administration of insulin

A method for treating a mammal suffering from Type 1 diabetes by suppressing autoimmune response associated with said disease, said mammal maintaining at least partial pancreatic beta cell function, the method comprising administering by inhalation to said mammal a composition containing an effective amount of insulin or a fragment of insulin having the property of suppressing said autoimmune response, wherein said composition is effective to suppress said autoimmune response without an accompanying substantial decrease in blood sugar level of said mammal within four hours after said administration.

A method for preventing or suppressing the onset of Type 1 diabetes in a mammal by suppressing autoimmune response associated with said diabetes which comprises the step of:

• prior to occurrence of hyperglycemia administering by inhalation to said mammal an effective amount for preventing or suppressing the onset of Type 1 diabetes of a composition comprising insulin or a fragment of insulin having the property of suppressing said autoimmune response, wherein said composition is effective to prevent or suppress said onset without an accompanying substantial decrease in the blood sugar level of said mammal within four hours after said administration.

A method for suppressing autoimmune reaction against pancreatic beta cells in a mammal in need of suppression of said autoimmune reaction comprising administering by inhalation to said mammal an effective amount of a composition comprising an autoimmune response suppressive analog of insulin having at least one antigenic determinant of insulin and having the property of suppressing said autoimmune response, wherein said composition is effective to suppress said autoimmune reaction without an accompanying substantial decrease in the blood sugar level of said mammal within four hours after said administration.

A method for treating a mammal suffering from Type 1 diabetes by suppressing autoimmune response associated with said disease, said mammal maintaining at least partial pancreatic beta cell function, the method comprising administering by inhalation to said mammal a composition comprising an analog of insulin having at least one antigenic determinant of insulin and having the property of suppressing said autoimmune response, wherein said composition is effective to suppress said autoimmune response without an accompanying substantial decrease in the blood sugar level of said mammal within four hours after said administration.

A method for preventing or suppressing the onset of Type 1 diabetes in a mammal by suppressing autoimmune response associated with said diabetes which comprises the step of:

• prior to occurrence of hyperglycemia administering by inhalation to said mammal an effective amount for preventing or suppressing the onset of Type 1 diabetes of a composition comprising an analog of insulin having at least one antigenic determinant of insulin and having the property of suppressing said autoimmune response, wherein said composition is effective to prevent or suppress said onset without an accompanying substantial decrease in the blood sugar level of said mammal within four hours after said administration.