Method of applying chemical charge modifiers to a substrate and article thereof

A chemically charge-modified permeable sheet comprising:

• a permeable sheet having a plurality of individual exposed surfaces, at least a portion of which having a surface energy of less than about 45 dynes per centimeter, the permeable sheet having a sufficient level of permeability to allow liquid to pass through the sheet;
• amphiphilic proteins adsorbed onto at least some individual exposed surfaces;
• and
• chemical charge-modifiers incorporated onto at least a portion of the amphiphilic proteins on the individual exposed surfaces.

A method of making a chemically charge-modified permeable sheet, the method comprising the steps of:

• providing a permeable sheet having a plurality of individual exposed surfaces, at least a portion of which having a surface energy of less than about 45 dynes per centimeter, the permeable sheet having a sufficient level of permeability to allow liquid to pass through the sheet;
• providing an aqueous solution containing amphiphilic proteins, the solution having a surface tension greater than about 45 dynes per centimeter;
• contacting the solution containing amphiphilic proteins under shear stress conditions with the permeable sheet so that at least a portion of the amphiphilic proteins are adsorbed onto at least some individual exposed surfaces to form a protein-coated permeable sheet;
• and
• contacting the protein-coated permeable sheet with a liquid containing chemical charge modifiers to incorporate chemical charge modifiers onto at least a portion of the amphiphilic proteins.