Fuel oil compositions
AssigneeExxon Chemical Patents Inc.
InventorsBrian William Davies, Rinaldo Caprotti, Brid Dilworth
Life of this patent
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Abstract
The lubricity of low sulphur fuels is enhanced by incorporation of a lubricity enhancing additive in combination with an ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymer.
Claims18
A composition comprising a major proportion of a fuel oil and minor proportions of a lubricity enhancer and at least one ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymer having units derived from ethylene and units of the formula
- --CR.sup.1 R.sup.2 --CHR.sup.3 --
- wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or methyl;
- R.sup.2 represents COOR.sup.4, wherein R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms which is straight chain or, if it contains 3 or more carbon atoms, branched, or R.sup.2 represent OOCR.sup.5, wherein R.sup.5 represents R.sup.4 or hydrogen;
- and R.sup.3 represents hydrogen or COOR.sup.4 ;
- and the sulphur content of the composition being at most 0.2% by weight.
A fuel oil composition having a sulfur content of at most 0.2% by weight and having a lubricity such as to give a wear scar diameter at 60.degree. C. of at most 500 .mu.m, as measured by the HFRR test described in ISO/TC22/SC7/WG6/N188, and comprising:
- a major proportion of a petroleum-based fuel oil or a mixture thereof with a vegetable-based fuel oil;
- from about 0.005% to about 1% by weight of at least one ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymer having units derived from ethylene and units of the formula
- --CR.sup.1 R.sup.2 --CHR.sup.3 --
- wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or methyl;
- R.sup.2 represents COOR.sup.4, wherein R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms which is straight chain or, if it contains 3 or more carbon atoms, branched, or R.sup.2 represents OOCR.sup.5, wherein R.sup.5 represents R.sup.4 or hydrogen;
- and R.sup.3 represents hydrogen or COOR.sup.4 ;
- and
- from about 0.0001 to about 10% by weight of a lubricity enhancer comprising at least one ester of a polyhydric alcohol and a carboxylic acid, wherein an acid moiety contains from 2 to 50 carbon atoms and an alcohol moiety contains 1 or more carbon atoms.
A method of enhancing the wear scar diameter lubricity properties of a fuel oil composition having a sulfur content of at most 0.2% by weight comprising a major proportion of a fuel oil and a minor proportion of a lubricating additive comprising an ester of a polyhydric alcohol and a carboxylic acid, said method comprising providing in said fuel oil composition from about 0.005% to about 1% by weight of at least one ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymer having units derived from ethylene and units of the formula
- --CR.sup.1 R.sup.2 --CHR.sup.3 --
- wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or methyl;
- R.sup.2 represents COOR.sup.4, wherein R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms which is straight chain or, if it contains 3 or more carbon atoms, branched, or R.sup.2 represent OOCR.sup.5, wherein R.sup.5 represents R.sup.4 or hydrogen;
- and R.sup.3 represents hydrogen or COOR.sup.4.
A fuel oil composition having a sulfur content of at most 0.2% by weight and having a lubricity such as to give a wear scar diameter at 60.degree. C. of at most 500 .mu.m, as measured by the HFRR test described in ISO/TC22/SC7/WG6/N188, and comprising:
- a major proportion of a petroleum-based fuel oil or a mixture thereof with a vegetable-based fuel oil;
- from about 0.005% to about 1% by weight of two or more ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymers having units derived from ethylene and units of the formula
- --CR.sup.1 R.sup.2 --CHR.sup.3 --
- wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or methyl;
- R.sup.2 represents COOR.sup.4, wherein R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms which is straight chain or, if it contains 3 or more carbon atoms, branched, or R.sup.2 represents OOCR.sup.5, wherein R.sup.5 represents R.sup.4 or hydrogen;
- and R.sup.3 represents hydrogen or COOR.sup.4 ;
- and
- from about 0.0001 to about 10% by weight of a lubricity enhancer comprising an ester obtained by esterifying dilinoleic acid with ethylene glycol, and neutralizing free acid groups with methanol.
A method of enhancing the wear scar diameter lubricity properties of a fuel oil composition having a sulfur content of at most 0.2% by weight comprising a major proportion of a middle distillate fuel oil and a minor proportion of a lubricating additive comprising an ester obtained by esterifying dilinoleic acid with ethylene glycol, and neutralizing free acid groups with methanol, said method comprising providing in said fuel oil composition from about 0.005% to about 1% by weight of two or more ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymers, wherein each ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymer is one having units derived from ethylene and units of the formula
- --CR.sup.1 R.sup.2 --CHR.sup.3 --
- wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or methyl;
- R.sup.2 represents COOR.sup.4, wherein R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms which is straight chain or, if it contains 3 or more carbon atoms, branched, or R.sup.2 represents OOCR.sup.5, wherein R.sup.5 represents R.sup.4 or hydrogen;
- and R.sup.3 represents hydrogen or COOR.sup.4.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.