Liquid additives for particulate emissions control

A process for removing undesired particles from agas stream having a temperature, comprising;

• contacting said gas stream with a plurality of droplets comprising a fluid composition including a liquid additive and a liquid carrier fluid, the liquid additive being substantially non-vaporizable at the gas stream temperature, wherein said droplets have a first Sauter Mean Diameter;
• vaporizing said liquid carrier fluid from said droplets to reduce said droplet size to a second Sauter Mean Diameter that is less than the first Sauter Mean Diameter while maintaining at least most of the liquid additive in the liquid phase after the contacting step;
• and
• collecting said undesired particles and liquid additive in the liquid phase on a collection surface to form an agglomerate, wherein said liquid adfitive alters at least one of the undesired particle resistivity and undesired particle cohesiveness and wherein the collection surface has a temperature greater than the dew point of water.

A process for removing undesired particles from a gas stream, comprising:

• contacting said gas stream with a plurality of droplets comprising a fluid composition including a liquid additive and a liquid carrier fluid;
• vaporizing said liquid carrier fluid from said droplets to reduce said droplet size;
• maintaining, after the contacting step, at least most of the liquid additive in the droplets in liquid phase;
• and
• collecting said undesired particles and liquid additive in the liquid phase on a collection surface to form an agglomerate, wherein said liquid additive alters at least one of the undesired particle resistivity and undesired particle cohesiveness and wherein at least most of the liquid additive is free of contact with the undesired particles prior to said collecting step such that the at least most of the liquid additive is separate from undesired particles before contact of the liquid additive and undesired particles with the collection surface and wherein the collection surface has a temperature greater than the dew point of water.

A process of removing particles from a gas stream, comprising:

• injecting a liquid composition including a liquid additive and a liquid carrier fluid as a plurality of droplets having a First Sauter Mean diameter into a gas stream containing particles, the liquid additive altering at least one of particle resistivity and particle cohesiveness;
• thereafter vaporizing at least most of the liquid carrier fluid from the plurality of droplets while maintaining at least most of the liquid additive in the plurality of droplets in the liquid phase such that the plurality of droplets after the vaporizing step have a second Sauter Mean diameter that is less than the first Sauter Mean diameter;
• and
• collecting the liquid additive in liquid form and the particles on a collection surface to form an agglomerate, wherein the liquid additive in the plurality of droplets is substantially free of vaporization and condensation during the maintaining and collecting steps and wherein the collection surface has a temperature greater than the dew point of water.

A process of removing particles from a gas stream, comprising:

• injecting a liquid composition including liquid phosphoric acid and a vaporizable liquid carrier fluid as a plurality of liquid droplets, having a First Sauter Mean diameter ranging from about 20 to about 150 microns, into a gas stream containing particles, the liquid phosphoric acid altering at least one of particle resistivity and particle cohesiveness;
• thereafter vaporizing at least most of the vaporizable liquid carrier fluid from the plurality of liquid droplets while maintaining at least most of the liquid phosphoric acid in the plurality of liquid droplets in the liquid phase such that the plurality of liquid droplets after the vaporizing step have a second Sauter Mean diameter ranging from about 1 to about 150 microns;
• thereafter passing the particles and plurality of liquid droplets through an electric field to charge the particles and plurality of liquid droplets;
• and
• collecting the charged plurality of liquid droplets and the charged particles on an electrode to form an agglomerate, wherein the electrode has a temperature greater than the dew point of water.