Method for manufacturing a composite

A method of making a composite, consisting of the steps:

• placing a substantially rigid thermoplastic substrate and a bonding layer in a bonding device, the substantially rigid thermoplastic substrate having a bonding surface and a residue;
• applying controlled heating to the bonding device, to cause a flow state in said bonding surface of the substrate, wherein the step of applying controlled heating comprises applying heating of an appropriate temperature for an appropriate period of time to cause the bonding surface to flow without causing substantial heat soaking, melting or other damage, by warpage or otherwise, to the residue of the substrate or the bonding layer;
• closing the bonding device to cause pressurized contact at an interface between said bonding surface and said bonding layer while the bonding surface is in a flow state, to form a bond at said interface, whereby the composite is formed;
• and then
• removing the composite from the bonding device.