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US 5,834,523 AGranted
Substituted .alpha.,.beta.,.beta.-trifluorostyrene-based composite membranes
AssigneeBallard Power Systems Inc.
InventorsAlfred E. Steck, Charles Stone
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A composite membrane is provided in which a porous substrate is impregnated with a polymeric composition comprising various combinations of .alpha.,.beta.,.beta.-trifluorostyrene, substituted .alpha.,.beta.,.beta.-trifluorostyrene and ethylene-based monomeric units. Where the polymeric composition includes ion-exchange moieties, the resultant composite membranes are useful in electrochemical applications, particularly as membrane electrolytes in electrochemical fuel cells.
Claims20
A composite membrane comprising a porous sheet material impregnated with a polymeric composition consisting predominantly of:
- ##STR16## wherein p is an integer greater than zero, and m, n, q, r, and s are zero or an integer greater than zero;
- X is selected from the group consisting of SO.sub.3 H, PO.sub.2 H.sub.2, PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, CH.sub.2 PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, COOH, OSO.sub.3 H, OPO.sub.2 H.sub.2, OPO.sub.3 H.sub.2, OArSO.sub.3 H where Ar is an aryl, NR.sub.3.sup.+ (where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, perfluoroalkyls and aryls) and CH.sub.2 NR.sub.3.sup.+ (where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, perfluoroalkyls and aryls);
- A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 are selected from the group consisting of SO.sub.2 F, halogens, C.sub.x H.sub.y F.sub.z (where x is an integer greater than zero and y+z=2x+1), CF.dbd.CF.sub.2, CN, NO.sub.2 and OH, O--R (where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls and perfluoroalkyls and aryls);
- E is selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2, CH.sub.2 --CHF, CFH--CFH, CF.sub.2 --CH.sub.2, CF.sub.2 --CHF, CF.sub.2 --CF.sub.2 ;
- Z is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, SO.sub.2 F, halogens, C.sub.x H.sub.y F.sub.z (where x is an integer greater than zero and y+z=2x+1), SO.sub.3 H, PO.sub.2 H.sub.2, PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, CH.sub.2 PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, COOH, OSO.sub.3 H, OPO.sub.2 H.sub.2, OPO.sub.3 H.sub.2, OArSO.sub.3 H where Ar is an aryl, NR.sub.3.sup.+ (where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, perfluoroalkyls and aryls) and CH.sub.2 NR.sub.3.sup.+ (where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, perfluoroalkyls and aryls);
- and when m or s is an integer greater than zero, then the group from which A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 are selected further consists of SO.sub.3 H, PO.sub.2 H.sub.2, PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, CH.sub.2 PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, COOH, OSO.sub.3 H, OPO.sub.2 H.sub.2, OPO.sub.3 H.sub.2, OArSO.sub.3 H where Ar is an aryl, NR.sub.3.sup.+ (where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, perfluoroalkyls and aryls) and CH.sub.2 NR.sub.3.sup.+ (where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, perfluoroalkyls and aryls).
3 more elements
A composite membrane comprising a porous sheet material impregnated with a polymeric composition consisting essentially of:
- ##STR17## wherein p is an integer greater than zero, and m, n, q, r, and s are zero or an integer greater than zero;
- X is selected from the group consisting of SO.sub.3 H, PO.sub.2 H.sub.2, PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, CH.sub.2 PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, COOH, OSO.sub.3 H, OPO.sub.2 H.sub.2, OPO.sub.3 H.sub.2, OArSO.sub.3 H where Ar is an aryl, NR.sub.3.sup.+ (where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, perfluoroalkyls and aryls) and CH.sub.2 NR.sub.3.sup.+ (where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, perfluoroalkyls and aryls);
- A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 are selected from the group consisting of SO.sub.2 F, halogens, C.sub.x H.sub.y F.sub.z (where x is an integer greater than zero and y+z=2x+1), CF.dbd.CF.sub.2, CN, NO.sub.2 and OH, O--R (where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls and perfluoroalkyls and aryls);
- E is selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2, CH.sub.2 --CHF, CFH--CFH, CF.sub.2 --CH.sub.2, CF.sub.2 --CHF, CF.sub.2 --CF.sub.2 ;
- Z is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, SO.sub.2 F, halogens, C.sub.x H.sub.y F.sub.z (where x is an integer greater than zero and y+z=2x+1), SO.sub.3 H, PO.sub.2 H.sub.2, PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, CH.sub.2 PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, COOH, OSO.sub.3 H, OPO.sub.2 H.sub.2, OPO.sub.3 H.sub.2, OArSO.sub.3 H where Ar is an aryl, NR.sub.3.sup.+ (where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, perfluoroalkyls and aryls) and CH.sub.2 NR.sub.3.sup.+ (where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, perfluoroalkyls and aryls);
- and when m or s is an integer greater than zero, then the group from which A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 are selected further consists of SO.sub.3 H, PO.sub.2 H.sub.2, PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, CH.sub.2 PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, COOH, OSO.sub.3 H, OPO.sub.2 H.sub.2, OPO.sub.3 H.sub.2, OArSO.sub.3 H where Ar is an aryl, NR.sub.3.sup.+ (where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, perfluoroalkyls and aryls) and CH.sub.2 NR.sub.3.sup.+ (where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, perfluoroalkyls and aryls).
3 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.