Macromonomers having reactive side groups

A method of producing thermoset epoxide polymers, comprising reacting a macromonomer having the structure:

• ##STR35## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N;
• each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is selected from the group consisting of H, solubilizing side groups, reactive side groups, and reactive solubilizing side groups, provided that (1) at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group and at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive side group, or (2) at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive solubilizing side group, and provided that when any of A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 is N, the corresponding G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, or G.sub.4 is nil;
• the macromonomer has a degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than about 6;
• and adjacent monomer units are oriented head-to-head, head-to-tail, or randomly, with a diepoxide or polyepoxide to form a crosslinked resin containing rigid segments derived from said macromonomer.

A method of producing thermoset phenolic polymers, comprising reacting a macromonomer having the structure:

• ##STR36## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N;
• each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is selected from the group consisting of H, solubilizing side groups, reactive side groups, and reactive solubilizing side groups, provided that (1) at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group and at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive side group, or (2) at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive solubilizing side group, and provided that when any of A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 is N, the corresponding G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, or G.sub.4 is nil;
• the macromonomer has a degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than about 6;
• and adjacent monomer units are oriented head-to-head, head-to-tail, or randomly;
• with one or more substances selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, trioxane, phenol-formaldehyde resins, resole resins, and resorcinol-formaldehyde resins.

A method of producing thermoset polyimide polymers, comprising reacting a macromonomer having the structure:

• ##STR37## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N;
• each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is selected from the group consisting of H, solubilizing side groups, reactive side groups, and reactive solubilizing side groups, provided that (1) at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group and at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive side group, or (2) at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive solubilizing side group, and provided that when any of A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 is N, the corresponding G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, or G.sub.4 is nil;
• the macromonomer has a degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than about 6;
• and adjacent monomer units are oriented head-to-head, head-to-tail, or randomly;
• with at least one of pyromellitic acid or its anhydride, bisphenoltetra-carboxylic acid or its anhydride, benzophenonetetra-carboxylic acid or its anhydride, 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)-hexa fluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA), biphenyl dianhydride, polyamic acids, and uncured polyamide resins.

A method of producing reinforced thermoset resins, comprising reacting a macromonomer having the structure:

• ##STR38## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N;
• each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is selected from the group consisting of H, solubilizing side groups, reactive side groups, and reactive solubilizing side groups, provided that (1) at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group and at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive side group, or (2) at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive solubilizing side group, and provided that when any of A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 is N, the corresponding G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, or G.sub.4 is nil;
• the macromonomer has a degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than about 6;
• and adjacent monomer units are oriented head-to-head, head-to-tail, or randomly, with uncured resins selected from the group consisting of allyl resins, bisacetylene resins, bisbenzocyclobutene resins, bisbiphenylene resins, epoxy resins, furan resins, isocyanate resins, maleimide resins, melamine resins, nadimide resins, phenolic resins, silicone resins, unsaturated polyester resins, urea resins, urethanes, and vinyl ester resins.

A method of producing a reinforced thermoset resin, comprising reacting a macromonomer having the structure:

• ##STR39## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N;
• each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is selected from the group consisting of H, solubilizing side groups, reactive side groups, and reactive solubilizing side groups, provided that (1) at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group and at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive side group, or (2) at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive solubilizing side group, and provided that when any of A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 is N, the corresponding G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, or G.sub.4 is nil;
• the macromonomer has a degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than about 6;
• and adjacent monomer units are oriented head-to-head, head-to-tail, or randomly, with a curing agent having reactive groups complementary to said at least one reactive side group or reactive solubilizing side group on the macromonomer and capable of forming covalent crosslinks therewith.

A method for producing reinforced polyamides comprising copolymerization of a macromonomer having the structure:

• ##STR40## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N;
• each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is selected from the group consisting of H, solubilizing side groups, reactive side groups, and reactive solubilizing side groups, provided that (1) at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group and at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive side group, or (2) at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive solubilizing side group, and provided that when any of A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 is N, the corresponding G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, or G.sub.4 is nil;
• the macromonomer has a degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than about 6;
• and adjacent monomer units are oriented head-to-head, head-to-tail, or randomly, with one or more monomers capable of producing polyamides.

A method of producing reinforced polymers, comprising physically blending macromonomers having the structure:

• ##STR41## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N;
• each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is selected from the group consisting of H, solubilizing side groups, reactive side groups, and reactive solubilizing side groups, provided that (1) at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group and at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive side group, or (2) at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive solubilizing side group, and provided that when any of A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 is N, the corresponding G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, or G.sub.4 is nil;
• the macromonomer has a degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than about 6;
• and adjacent monomer units are oriented head-to-head, head-to-tail, or randomly, with one or more preformed polymers, wherein the reactive side group or reactive solubilizing side group is reactive with at least one of said preformed polymers.

A method of producing reinforced polymers comprising:

• mixing macromonomers having the structure ##STR42## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N;
• each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is selected from the group consisting of H, solubilizing side groups, reactive side groups, and reactive solubilizing side groups, provided that (1) at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group and at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive side group, or (2) at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive solubilizing side group, and provided that when any of A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 is N, the corresponding G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, or G.sub.4 is nil;
• the macromonomer has a degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than about 6;
• and adjacent monomer units are oriented head-to-head, head-to-tail, or randomly, with one or more preformed polymers;
• and
• forming chemical bonds between the macromonomers and said one or more preformed polymers, wherein bond formation proceeds in an order selected from the group consisting of bond formation simultaneous with mixing, bond formation subsequent to mixing, and bond formation both simultaneous with and subsequent to mixing of the macromonomers and said one or more preformed polymers.

A reinforced polymeric material, comprising:

• a macromonomer having the structure ##STR43## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N;
• each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is selected from the group consisting of H, solubilizing side groups, reactive side groups, and reactive solubilizing side groups, provided that (1) at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group and at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive side group, or (2) at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive solubilizing side group, and provided that when any of A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 is N, the corresponding G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, or G.sub.4 is nil;
• the macromonomer has a degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than about 6;
• and adjacent monomer units are oriented head-to-head, head-to-tail, or randomly;
• and
• at least one preformed polymer which is reactive with the macromonomer, blended with said macromonomer.

A mixture composition comprising:

• a macromonomer having the structure ##STR44## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N;
• each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is selected from the group consisting of H, solubilizing side groups, reactive side groups, and reactive solubilizing side groups, provided that (1) at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group and at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive side group, or (2) at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive solubilizing side group, and provided that when any of A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 is N, the corresponding G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, or G.sub.4 is nil;
• the macromonomer has a degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than about 6;
• and adjacent monomer units are oriented head-to-head, head-to-tail, or randomly;
• and
• at least one monomer having at least one reactive group complementary to at least one reactive side group or reactive solubilizing side group on the macromonomer.

A mixture composition comprising:

• a macromonomer having the structure ##STR45## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N;
• each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is selected from the group consisting of H, solubilizing side groups, reactive side groups, and reactive solubilizing side groups, provided that (1) at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group and at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive side group, or (2) at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive solubilizing side group, and provided that when any of A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 is N, the corresponding G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, or G.sub.4 is nil;
• the macromonomer has a degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than about 6;
• and adjacent monomer units are oriented head-to-head, head-to-tail, or randomly;
• and
• at least one complementary condensation monomer.

A reinforced polymeric composition comprising:

• a macromonomer having the structure ##STR46## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N;
• each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is selected from the group consisting of H, solubilizing side groups, reactive side groups, and reactive solubilizing side groups, provided that (1) at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group and at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive side group, or (2) at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive solubilizing side group, and provided that when any of A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 is N, the corresponding G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, or G.sub.4 is nil;
• the macromonomer has a degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than about 6;
• and adjacent monomer units are oriented head-to-head, head-to-tail, or randomly;
• and, in addition to any such reactive side groups and reactive solubilizing side groups,
• at least one flexible polymer covalently attached to the macromonomer.

A thermoset composition comprising:

• a product obtained by curing a macromonomer having the structure ##STR47## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N;
• each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is selected from the group consisting of H, solubilizing side groups, reactive side groups, and reactive solubilizing side groups, provided that (1) at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group and at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive side group, or (2) at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive solubilizing side group, and provided that when any of A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 is N, the corresponding G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, or G.sub.4 is nil;
• the macromonomer has a degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than about 6;
• and adjacent monomer units are oriented head-to-head, head-to-tail, or randomly;
• with a curing agent having reactive groups complementary to the reactive side groups, reactive solubilizing side groups, or both reactive side groups and reactive solubilizing side groups of the macromonomer and capable of forming covalent crosslinks therewith.

A mixture composition comprising:

• a macromonomer having the structure ##STR49## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N;
• each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is selected from the group consisting of H, solubilizing side groups, reactive side groups, and reactive solubilizing side groups, provided that (1) at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group and at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive side group, or (2) at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive solubilizing side group, and provided that when any of A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 is N, the corresponding G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, or G.sub.4 is nil;
• the macromonomer has a degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than about 6;
• and adjacent monomer units are oriented head-to-head, head-to-tail, or randomly;
• and
• at least one addition monomer.

A reinforced polymer elastomer comprising:

• an elastomer having a polymer network;
• and
• rigid segments covalently attached to the polymer network, derived from macromonomers having the structure ##STR50## wherein each A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is C or N;
• each G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, and G.sub.4, on each monomer unit, independently, is selected from the group consisting of H, solubilizing side groups, reactive side groups, and reactive solubilizing side groups, provided that (1) at least one monomer unit has at least one solubilizing side group and at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive side group, or (2) at least one monomer unit has at least one reactive solubilizing side group, and provided that when any of A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3, and A.sub.4 is N, the corresponding G.sub.1, G.sub.2, G.sub.3, or G.sub.4 is nil;
• the macromonomer has a degree of polymerization, DP.sub.n, greater than about 6;
• and adjacent monomer units are oriented head-to-head, head-to-tail, or randomly.