Magnetic system for gyrotrons forming a wavy magnetic field

A magnetic system for gyrotrons comprising an electron emitter, a permanent magnet arrangement for generating an axial magnetic constant field defining a resonator area through which the electrons emitted by said electron emitter are guided by said field and a collector arranged in axial alignment with said permanent magnet arrangement, said permanent magnet arrangement including a central radially polarized annular magnet having opposite axial end faces, an axially polarized annular magnet disposed at one end face of said central magnet facing said collector and an annular magnet disposed at the opposite end face of said central magnet facing said emitter to prevent a breakout of the magnetic field, said radially and said axially polarized magnets of said magnetic system being in direct contact with one another, said annular magnets being mechanically joined and being structured in the resonator area so as to provide a predetermined wavy magnetic field which has no or only a small compensatable field reversal between the emitter area and the collector area, the field reversal of the axially magnetic constant field being in the axial extension of the emitter area outside the electron beam range.