Gyrotron system having adjustable flux density

A magnetic field generating unit for generating a magnetic field in a gyrotron system having an electron gun and a cavity resonator, the magnetic field generating unit comprising:

• a permanent magnet for producing a predominant component of the magnetic field;
• at least one electromagnet, each electromagnet disposed at a respective location with respect to the gyrotron system for adjusting a respective magnetic field component at the respective location;
• and
• a power supply for supplying a respective excitation current, that is controllable for adjusting the respective magnetic field component, to each electromagnet.

A gyrotron system for providing a high frequency output, the gyrotron system comprising:

• an electron gun for providing a beam of electrons that revolves in a path;
• a cavity resonator, disposed in the path of the beam of electrons, that causes cyclotron resonance maser interaction between the electrons and an electromagnetic field within the cavity resonator when the electrons enter the cavity resonator, the cyclotron resonance maser interaction producing a high frequency electromagnetic wave;
• a collector, coupled to the cavity resonator, for collecting the electrons after the electrons travel through the cavity resonator;
• an output window, disposed as an opening in the collector, allowing the high frequency electromagnetic wave to pass through;
• and
• a magnetic field generating unit for generating a magnetic field in the gyrotron system including the magnetic field within the cavity resonator, the magnetic field generating unit including:
• a permanent magnet for producing a predominant component of the magnetic field;
• at least one electromagnet, each electromagnet disposed at a respective location on the gyrotron system for adjusting a respective magnetic field component at the respective location;
• and
• a power supply for supplying a respective excitation current, that is controllable for adjusting the respective magnetic field component, to each electromagnet.