Image-forming apparatus featuring a plurality of image forming means

An image-forming apparatus comprising:

• a first image-forming unit comprising a first latent image-holding member for holding a first electrostatic latent image, a first electrifying means for performing primary electrification of the first latent image-holding member, a first latent image-forming means for forming the first electrostatic latent image on the primarily electrified first latent image-holding member, a first developing means for developing the first electrostatic latent image on the first latent image-holding member with a first toner to form a first toner image on the first latent image-holding member, and a first image-transfer means for transferring the first toner image from the first latent image-holding member onto an image-receiving member;
• and
• a second image-forming unit comprising a second latent image-holding member for holding a second electrostatic latent image, a second electrifying means for performing primary electrification of the second latent image-holding member, a second latent image-forming means for forming a second electrostatic latent image on the second latent image-holding member, a second developing means for developing the second electrostatic latent image on the second latent image-holding member with a second toner to form a second toner image on the second latent image-holding member, and a second image-transfer means for transferring the second toner image from the second latent image-holding member onto the image-receiving member holding the first toner image having been formed thereon by the first image-forming unit, wherein in reference to the moving direction of the second latent image-holding member, the second developing means is disposed on the downstream side of the second electrifying means, the second image-transfer means is disposed on the downstream side of the second developing means, and the second electrifying means is disposed on the downstream side of the second image-transfer means,
• wherein no cleaning member is provided between the second image-transfer means and the second electrifying means and between the second electrifying means and the second developing means to recover toner remaining after the image transfer on the second latent image-holding member by bringing the cleaning member into contact with the surface of the second latent image-holding member,
• wherein the second developing means also serving as a cleaning means for recovering the toner remaining on the second latent image-holding member after the image transfer to perform cleaning, and
• wherein the second latent image-holding member has a surface having a contact angle for water of not less than 85.degree..