Multi-stage depressed collector for small orbit gyrotrons
AssigneesUniversity of Maryland, Calabazas Creek Research Center, Inc.
InventorsAmarjit Singh, R. Lawrence Ives, Richard V. Schumacher, Yosuke M. Mizuhara
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A multi-stage depressed collector for receiving energy from a small orbit gyrating electron beam employs a plurality of electrodes at different potentials for sorting the individual electrons on the basis of their total energy level. Magnetic field generating coils, for producing magnetic fields and magnetic iron for magnetic field shaping produce adiabatic and controlled non-adiabatic transitions of the incident electron beam to further facilitate the sorting.
Claims21
A multi-stage depressed collector for connection to a microwave device generating a small orbit gyrating electron beam comprised of individual electrons having varying levels of total energy, said electrons gyrating in small orbits with respect to the total beam radius and traversing into the collector where energy is recovered from the electron beam, said collector comprising:
- means for sorting the individual electrons on the basis of their total energy level, including a plurality of stages, each stage including an electrode operative when energized at different voltage potentials for producing electric fields, magnetic iron for magnetic field shaping, and magnetic field generating coils, for producing, when energized, magnetic fields, the electric and magnetic fields being configured so as to direct electrons of the highest energy to the electrode with the greatest negative potential, the electrons with the lowest energy to the electrode with the least negative potential, and electrons with intermediate energies to electrodes with intermediate voltages to maximize energy recovery, the magnetic iron affecting the magnetic fields so as to produce adiabatic and controlled non-adiabatic transitions of the incident electron beam to further facilitate the sorting.
A depressed collector for a small orbit gyrotron generating a beam of electrons having varying energies, said beam centrally located about an axis of the collector for recovering energy therefrom, comprising means for receiving the individual electrons in accordance with their respective energies comprising a plurality of stages, said stages being arranged so that electrons with the lowest energy impinge on a first stage closest to the beam radially outwardly thereof;
- electrons of a next higher energy impinging on a second stage located centrally of the beam;
- and electrons of yet higher energy impinging on a third stage downstream of the first and second stages;
- magnetic field generating means for producing a magnetic field when energized;
- each of said plurality of stages including an electrode for producing, when energized, an electric field;
- and
- magnetic pole pieces for altering magnetic fields produced in the collector to result in the impingement of electrons according to their respective energies.
A multi-stage collector for connection to a device generating a small orbit gyrating beam of electrons having varying energy levels, said beam disposed about a common axis, and for recovering energy from the electron beam comprising:
- a housing having an inlet for the beam disposed on the central axis, said housing being symmetrical with respect thereto;
- and
- means for attracting electrons in accordance with their respective energies comprising a first, second and third electrodes, electrons having the lowest energy being collected at the first electrode proximate the inlet, and radially outward of the beam, electrons of a next lower level of energy being collected by the second electrode located on the axis radially inwardly of the beam and electrons of a highest energy collected by the third electrode downstream of the first and second electrodes, said electrodes being energized to respective potentials increasing in a negative direction from the first through second and third electrodes;
- and
- magnetic means for producing adiabatic and controlled non-adiabatic magnetic fields to cause the electrons to be further attracted to the electrodes in accordance with their respective energies.
A collector for connection to a micro-device generating small orbit gyrating electron beam of individual electrons having varying levels of energy, said electron beam locating about a common axis of said collector for recovering energy of said electron beam, comprising:
- a housing having an inlet for receiving the beam;
- means for sorting individual electrons of said beam on the basis of their respective energies comprising a plurality of stages with said individual electrons having lowest energy being collected at one of said stages closest the inlet and said individual electrons having lesser amounts of energy being collected at respective ones of said stages relatively more remote from the inlet and wherein each of said stages comprises an electrode having a respective negative potential applied thereto, the first one of the electrode stages having applied the lowest negative potential with respect to the microwave device and subsequent electrodes respectively having applied thereto increasing relative potential;
- and
- means for producing areas of adiabatic and non-adiabatic magnetic fields.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.