DNA sequencing, mapping, and diagnostic processes using hybridization and stable isotope labels of DNA

A DNA sequencing, mapping, and diagnostic process using known individual isotopes, including stable isotopes and long-lived radioactive isotopes, associated with individual oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), said process comprising the steps of:

• labeling nucleotide segments with said known isotopes of an element that does not normally occur in DNAs or ODNs, said labeling nucleotides segments being one of said DNAs and said ODNs;
• causing said labeled, complementary, free nucleotide segments to hybridize to fixed nucleotide segments, said fixed nucleotide segment being the other of said DNAs and said ODNs, said fixed nucleotide segments being immobilized in distinct positions on a hybridization surface in an array such that said nucleotide segments of said DNAs and said ODNs with known sequences define sequences of nucleotide segments that become hybridized;
• rinsing non-hybridized labeled nucleotide segments from said hybridization array;
• and
• using mass spectrometric methods to analyze the presence and position on said array of said hybridized, labeled complementary nucleotide segments or ODNs and identifying said isotopes.

A DNA sequencing, mapping, and diagnostic process using known individual isotopes, including stable isotopes and long-lived radioactive isotopes, associated with individual oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) or peptide nucleic acids (PNAs), said process comprising the steps of:

• labeling nucleotide segments of PNAs with said known isotopes of an element that does not normally occur in DNAs or PNAs, said labeling nucleotide segments or PNAs being one of said PNAs and said DNAs;
• causing said labeled, complementary, free nucleotide segments or PNAs to hybridize to fixed nucleotide segments or PNAs, one of said fixed or free nucleotide segments or PNAs being PNAs, said fixed nucleotide segments or PNAs being immobilized in distinct positions on a hybridization surface in an array such that said PNAs with known sequences define sequences of nucleotide segments that become hybridized;
• rinsing non-hybridized labeled nucleotide segments or PNAs from said hybridization array;
• and
• using mass spectrometric methods to analyze the presence and position on said array of said hybridized, labeled complementary nucleotide segments or PNAs and identifying said isotopes.