Acylated nitrogen compounds useful as additives for lubricating oil and fuel compositions

A process comprising first reacting, optionally in the presence of an acidic catalyst selected from the group consisting of organic sulfonic acids, heteropolyacids, Lewis acids, and mineral acids,

• (A) at least one olefinic compound containing at least one group of the formula ##STR13## wherein the olefinic compound has the general formula
• (R.sup.1)(R.sup.2)C.dbd.C(R.sup.6)(CH(R.sup.7)(R.sup.8)) (III)
• wherein each R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is, independently, hydrogen or a hydrocarbon based group and each of R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 is, independently, hydrogen or a hydrocarbon based group;
• and
• (B) at least one carboxylic reactant selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formula
• R.sup.3 C(O)(R.sup.4).sub.n C(O)OR.sup.5 (IV)
• and compounds of the formula ##STR14## wherein each of R.sup.3, R.sup.5 and each R.sup.9 is independently H or a hydrocarbyl group, R.sup.4 is a divalent hydrocarbylene group, and n is 0 or 1, in amounts ranging from 0.6 moles (B) per mole of (A) to 1.5 moles (B) per equivalent of (A);
• and from about 0.5 to about 2 moles, per mole of (B), of
• (C) at least one aldehyde or ketone,
• then reacting the product formed thereby with from about 0.5 equivalents up to about 2 moles, per mole of (B) of at least one of
• (D) ammonia or a hydrazine or an amine characterized by the presence within its structure of at least one H--N group.