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US 5,776,324 AGranted
Electrochemical biosensors
AssigneeEncelle, Inc.
InventorAnton-Lewis Usala
Life of this patent
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AssigneeEncelle, Inc.
InventorAnton-Lewis Usala
Estimating the term…
An electrochemical biosensor for determining the level of a target chemical in a biological fluid includes an electrochemical system including a enzyme substrate which reacts with the target chemical to yield a system signal related to the concentration in the biological fluid of said target chemical. The biosensor includes a first membrane for immobilizing the enzyme substrate. The first membrane has a porosity permitting passage therethrough of the target chemical to react with the enzyme substrate and a surface exposed to the biological fluid characterized by electron donor site susceptible to facilitating attachment thereon of proteins and fibrin which impair the system signal. A second membrane is bonded to the electron donor sites of the first membrane. The second membrane is formed of a phenyl based polymer having connecting hydrogen atom donors which bond to the hydrogen atom donors bonding to the electron donor sites at least sufficiently to form an outer surface on the first membrane exposed to the biological fluid consisting of phenyl rings without significantly changing the porosity provided by the first membrane.
An electrochemical biosensor for determining in vivo in a mammal the level of a target chemical in a biological fluid, said biosensor comprising:
A biologically inert membrane composite substrate implanted in a mammal, comprising:
A method for biologically passivating a membrane having a porosity permitting passage therethrough of a chemical in a biological fluid and a surface with attractive sites for proteins and fibrin, comprising applying to said membrane a coating of poly-para-xylylene having connecting hydrogen bond donors bonded to said attractive sites in an amount sufficient to render said surface biologically inert but insufficient to impair passage through said membrane of said chemical.
A cellular or chemical moiety which has been coated with a membrane, said membrane comprising poly-para-xylylene, wherein said moiety is implanted within a mammalian subject without biological fouling.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.