Deactivation of microorganisms

An apparatus for deactivating microorganisms comprising:

• a first linear flashlamp;
• a first water jacket enveloping the first linear flashlamp;
• a first cooling water conduit formed between an exterior of the first linear flashlamp and an interior of the first water jacket;
• a second linear flashlamp;
• a second water jacket enveloping the second linear flashlamp;
• a second cooling water conduit formed between an exterior of the second linear flashlamp and an interior of the first water jacket;
• a fill pipe juxtaposed between the first water jacket and the second water jacket;
• a sterile air pipe enveloping the fill pipe;
• a sterile air conduit formed between an exterior of the fill pipe and an interior of the sterile air pipe;
• a reflector enveloping the sterile air pipe;
• and
• an outer safety glass enveloping the first water jacket, the second water jacket, and the reflector.

An apparatus for deactivating microorganisms comprising:

• a first linear flashlamp;
• a second linear flashlamp;
• a fill pipe interposed between the first linear flashlamp and the second linear flashlamp;
• a sterile air pipe enveloping the fill pipe;
• a sterile air conduit formed between an exterior of the fill pipe and an interior of the sterile air pipe;
• and
• an outer safety glass enveloping the first flashlamp, the second flashlamp and the sterile air pipe.

An apparatus for deactivating microorganisms comprising:

• a flashlamp;
• and
• a first holder including a first lamp holding device including:
• a holding cylinder including a first flange having a first frustioconical surface, a first end of the flashlamp being positioned in the holding cylinder and extending past the first flange, the first frustioconical flange being at a less than ninety degree angle relative to an exterior of the flashlamp;
• a first O-ring juxtaposed against the frustioconicell surface;
• and
• a first compression cylinder for applying a first force to the first O-ring that compresses the first O-ring against the first frustioconical surface, wherein the frustioconical surface, in combination with the first force, causes the first O-ring to compress against the flashlamp so as to form water tight seals between the first O-ring and the first frustioconical surface, and the first O-ring and the flashlamp.