# US 5,761,974 A · System and method for machining heat resistant materials

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- Number: US 5,761,974 A
- Document ID: US5761974A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 08/685,987
- Filed: 1996-07-22
- Granted: 1998-06-09
- Earliest claimed: 1996-07-22
- Assignees: Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska
- Inventors: Zhiyong Wang; Kamlakar Rajurkar; Murugappan Murugappan
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5761974A

## CPC

- B23Q 11/1053: {using the cutting liquid at specially selected temperatures (controlling the temperature of the cutting liquid for maintaining machine parts at a constant temperature B23Q11/146)}
- B23B 27/10: Cutting tools with special provision for cooling {(drills with lubricating or cooling equipment B23B51/06; features relating to lubricating or cooling of milling cutters B23C5/28; arrangements or devices for cooling or lubricating tools or work B23Q11/10)}
- Y10T 82/10: Process of turning
- Y10T 82/30: Miscellaneous
- Y10T 407/14: with means to apply fluid to cutting tool
- B23Q: DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING (tools of the kind used in lathes or boring machines B23B27/00); MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23B: TURNING; BORING (arrangements for copying or controlling B23Q)
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

Disclosed is a cap-like reservoir defining system which allows user adjustable location of application of cutting tool lifetime increasing cryogenic cooling to a workpiece contacting edge of a cutting tool, in a workpiece machining system. The present invention method of use finds application in the machining of materials such as ceramics, heat resistant materials, titanium, inconel alloys, and super alloys.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system for machining workpiece material comprising an insertable cutting tool, said insertable cutting tool presenting a surface area immediately adjacent to a workpiece material contacting edge thereof; said system for machining workpiece material further comprising a means for supporting said insertable cutting tool in a manner which leaves said surface area immediately adjacent to said workpiece material contacting edge accessible to a means for providing cooling, while a means for effecting relative motion between a workpiece material and said insertable cutting tool workpiece material contacting edge effects relative motion between said insertable cutting tool workpiece material contacting edge and said workpiece material; wherein said means for providing cooling is a cap-like reservoir defining system which presents with inlet and outlet means, such that coolant can be caused to flow into, via said inlet means through, and out of, via said outlet means, a reservoir provided by said reservoir defining system; said reservoir defining system being affixed to said system for machining materials so as to position said reservoir adjacent to said cutting tool surface area which is immediately adjacent to said workpiece material contacting edge; such that in use, a coolant is caused to flow through said reservoir and cryogenically cool said reservoir and insertable cutting tool workpiece material contacting edge without said coolant exiting said reservoir, contacting and directly significantly cooling said workpiece material being machined while said workpiece material contacting edge of said insertable cutting tool contacts a workpiece material and relative motion is effected between said insertable cutting tool workpiece contacting edge and said workpiece material, to the end that said workpiece material is machined with a temperature at the workpiece material contacting edge of said insertable cutting tool which is reduced by the presence of said flow of coolant, the purposes of effecting said temperature reduction being to reduce wear of said insertable cutting tool workpiece material contacting edge, while enabling achievement of improved workpiece machined material surface integrity as exemplified by reduced machined material cracking, damage and deformation.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A system for machining workpiece materials as in claim 1, in which the reservoir is open and coolant entered to said reservoir defining system directly contacts said accessible cutting tool surface area immediately adjacent to said workpiece material contacting edge.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

A system for machining workpiece materials as in claim 1, in which the reservoir is closed and coolant entered to said reservoir defining system does not directly contact said accessible cutting tool surface area immediately adjacent to said workpiece material contacting edge.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

A system for machining workpiece materials as in claim 1, in which the reservoir is positioned on the accessible cutting tool surface area immediately adjacent to said workpiece material contacting edge so as to be within two (2) millimeters of the workpiece material contacting edge.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

A system for machining workpiece materials as in claim 1 in which said means for supporting said insertable cutting tool in a manner which leaves said surface area adjacent to said workpiece contacting edge accessible to a means for providing cooling, does not comprise coolant carrying channels therein which can reduce strength thereof.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

A system for machining workpiece materials as in claim 1, in which said surface area immediately adjacent to a workpiece material contacting edge of said insertable cutting tool faces upward in use.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

A system for machining workpiece materials as in claim 1, In which the reservoir providing system is positioned on the accessible cutting tool surface area so as to be present at a user determined distance from said insertable cutting tool workpiece material contacting edge.

### Claim 8

A method of machining workpiece material which provides superior workpiece material machining results via control of the temperature of a workpiece material contacting edge of an insertable cutting tool comprising, in a functional sequence:
a. providing a system for machining workpiece material comprising an insertable cutting tool, said insertable cutting tool presenting a surface area immediately adjacent to a workpiece material contacting edge thereof; said system for machining workpiece material further comprising a means for supporting said insertable cutting tool in a manner which leaves said surface area immediately adjacent to said workpiece material contacting edge accessible to a means for providing cooling, while a means for effecting relative motion between a workpiece material and said insertable cutting tool workpiece material contacting edge effects relative motion between said insertable cutting tool workpiece contacting edge and said workpiece material; wherein said means for providing cooling is a cap-like reservoir defining system which presents with inlet and outlet means, such that coolant can be caused to flow into, via said inlet means, through, and out of, via said outlet means, a reservoir provided by said reservoir defining system; said reservoir defining system being affixed to said system for machining materials so as to position said reservoir adjacent to said cutting tool surface area which is immediately adjacent to said workpiece material contacting edge; such that in use, a coolant is caused to flow through said reservoir and cryogenically cool said reservoir and insertable cutting tool workpiece material contacting edge without said coolant exiting said reservoir, contacting and directly significantly cooling said workpiece material being machined while said workpiece material contacting edge of said insertable cutting tool contacts a workpiece material and relative motion is effected between said insertable cutting tool workpiece material contacting edge and said workpiece material, to the end that said workpiece material is machined with a temperature at the workpiece material contacting edge of said insertable cutting tool which is reduced by the presence of said flow of coolant, the purposes of effecting said temperature reduction being to reduce wear of said insertable cutting tool workpiece material contacting edge, while enabling achievement of improved workpiece machined material surface integrity as exemplified by reduced machined material cracking, damage and deformation;
b. providing a workpiece material to said system for machining workpiece material;
c. providing an insertable cutting tool of a selected material appropriate for machining the workpiece material and causing a workpiece material contacting edge of said insertable cutting tool to contact said workpiece material;
d. securing said reservoir defining system in said system for machining workpiece materials so as to place said reservoir in user desired proximity to said insertable cutting tool workpiece contacting edge;
e. causing coolant to flow through said reservoir and cool said workpiece material contacting edge of said insertable cutting tool; and
f. causing workpiece material machining effecting relative motion between said workpiece contacting edge of said insertable cutting tool and said workpiece material;
to the end that the temperature of the workpiece material contacting edge of the insertable cutting tool is controlled to be at a level at which insertable cutting tool workpiece material contacting edge wear is reduced, and improved workpiece material machining is achieved as evidenced by improved workpiece machined material surface integrity as exemplified by reduced machined material cracking, damage and deformation.

### Claim 9

A system for machining workpiece material comprising an insertable cutting tool, said insertable cutting tool presenting an upper surface area immediately adjacent to a workpiece material contacting edge thereof; with means present therein for supporting the underside of said insertable cutting tool in a manner which leaves said upper surface area immediately adjacent to said workpiece material contacting edge accessible to a means for providing cooling, while a means for effecting relative motion between a workpiece material and said insertable cutting tool workpiece material contacting edge effects relative motion between said insertable cutting tool workpiece contacting edge and a workpiece material; wherein said means for providing cooling is a cap-like reservoir defining system which presents with inlet means and outlet means, such that coolant can be caused to flow into, via said inlet means, through, and out of, via said outlet means, a reservoir provided by said reservoir defining system; said reservoir defining system being affixed to said system for machining materials so as to position said reservoir adjacent to said cutting tool upper surface area which is immediately adjacent to said workpiece material contacting edge; such that in use, a coolant is caused to flow through said reservoir and cryogenically cool said reservoir and insertable cutting tool workpiece material contacting edge without said coolant exiting said reservoir, contacting and directly significantly cooling said workpiece material being machined while said workpiece material contacting edge of said insertable cutting tool contacts a workpiece material and relative motion is effected between said insertable cutting tool workpiece material contacting edge and said workpiece material; to the end that said workpiece material is machined with a temperature at the workpiece material contacting edge of said insertable cutting tool which is reduced by the presence of said flow of coolant, the purposes of effecting said temperature reduction being to reduce wear of said insertable cutting tool workpiece material contacting edge, while enabling achievement of improved workpiece machined material surface integrity as exemplified by reduced machined material cracking, damage and deformation.