Three-dimensional fibrous scaffold containing attached cells for producing vascularized tissue in vivo

Abstract

A cell-scaffold composition is prepared in vitro for implanting to produce functional organ tissue in vivo. The scaffold is three-dimensional and is composed of fibers of a biocompatible, biodegradable, synthetic polymer. Cells derived from vascularized organ tissue are attached in vitro to the surface of the fibers uniformly throughout the scaffold in an amount effective to produce functional vascularized organ tissue in vivo. Fibers of the scaffold are spaced apart such that the maximum distance over which diffusion of nutrients and gases must occur through a mass of cells attached to the fibers is between 100 and 300 microns. The diffusion provides free exchange of nutrients, gases and waste to and from cells proliferating throughout the scaffold in an amount effective to maintain cell viability throughout the scaffold in the absence of vascularization. Cells attached to the fibers may be lymphatic vessel cells, pancreatic islet cells, hepatocytes, bone forming cells, muscle cells, intestinal cells, kidney cells, blood vessel cells, thyroid cells or cells of the adrenal-hypothalamic pituitary axis. Hollow or solid fibers are made from a polyanhydride, polyorthoester, polyglycolic acid or polymethacrylate, and the fibers may have a coating which enhances cell attachment.

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