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US 5,711,867 AGranted
Electrochemical separation utilizing metalloporphyrins and metallophthalocyanines
AssigneeRennselaer Polytechnic Institute
InventorsTodd M. Przybycien, Philippe Lam, Gary E. Wnek, Peter R. Elliker
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Abstract
A method of separating a material from a liquid sample comprising: providing a system for material separation having a stationary phase having a metalloporphyrin coordination compound or a metallophthalocyanine coordination compound or a mixture thereof; oxidizing or reducing the coordination compound, respectively, to an oxidized or reduced state at which the material will bind to the compound; applying a source of electric potential to the system; and contacting the oxidized or reduced coordination compound with a liquid sample containing the material under conditions effective to separate the material from the liquid.
Claims57
A method of separating a material from a liquid sample comprising:
- providing a system for material separation having a stationary phase comprising a metalloporphyrin coordination compound;
- oxidizing or reducing the coordination compound, respectively, to an oxidized or reduced state at which the material will bind to the compound;
- applying a source of electric potential to the system;
- and
- contacting the oxidized or reduced coordination compound with a liquid sample containing the material under conditions effective to separate the material from the liquid;
- wherein the material is a small organic compound or a higher molecular weight biological compound selected from the group consisting of peptides, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and proteins;
- and
- wherein the metalloporphyrin coordination compound has the general chemical formula:
- ##STR10## wherein:
- R.sub.1 -R.sub.12 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, vinyl, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOH, tetrasulfonic acid(sodium salt), 4-pyrridyl, phenylthio, 4(trimethylammonio)phenyl, and 1-methyl-4-pyrridinyl tetratosylate;
- provided that when each of R.sub.3, R.sub.6, R.sub.9, and R.sub.12 is tetrasulfonic acid(sodium salt), 4-pyrridyl, phenylthio, 4-(trimethylammonio)phenyl, or 1-methyl-4-pyrridinyl tetratosylate, each Of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.10, and R.sub.11 is hydrogen;
- and
- M is a divalent metal cation with stable redox states.
10 more elements
A method of separating a material from a liquid sample comprising:
- providing a system for material separation having a stationary phase comprising a metallophthalocyanine coordination compound;
- oxidizing or reducing the coordination compound, respectively, to an oxidized or reduced state at which the material will bind to the compound;
- applying a source of electric potential to the system;
- and
- contacting the oxidized or reduced coordination compound with a liquid sample containing the material under conditions effective to separate the material from the liquid;
- wherein the metallophthalocyanine coordination compound has the general chemical formula:
- ##STR13## wherein:
- each of R.sub.1 -R.sub.16 is hydrogen or
- one of R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 is a complex group selected from the group consisting of a sulfonate, 4-cumylphenoxy, 4-methoxyphenyl, phenylthio, and 3,10,17,24-tetra-tert-butyl-1,8,15,22 tetrakis(dimethylamino) group and each of the others of R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 is hydrogen;
- one of R.sub.5 -R.sub.8 is the complex group each of the others of R.sub.5 -R.sub.8 is hydrogen;
- one of R.sub.9 -R.sub.12 is the complex group and each of the others of R.sub.2 -R.sub.12 is hydrogen;
- and one of R.sub.13 -R.sub.16 is the complex group and each of the others of R.sub.13 -R.sub.16 is hydrogen;
- and
- M is a divalent metal cation with stable redox states.
11 more elements
A method of separating a material from a liquid sample comprising:
- providing a system for material separation having a stationary phase a metalloporphyrin coordination compound or a metallophthalocyanine coordination compound or a mixture thereof, wherein the metalloporphyrin coordination compound or the metallophthalocyanine coordination compound or mixture thereof is in an oxidized or a reduced state at which the material will bind to the coordination compound;
- applying a source of electric potential to the system;
- contacting the oxidized or reduced coordination compound with a liquid sample containing the material under conditions effective to separate the material from the liquid;
- and
- changing the coordination compound from an oxidized state to a reduced state or from a reduced state to an oxidized state to release the material from the stationary phase;
- wherein the material is a small organic compound or a higher molecular weight biological compound selected from the group consisting of peptides, carbohydrates nucleic acids, and proteins.
3 more elements
A stationary phase used to separate a material from a liquid sample, the stationary phase comprising
- a metalloporphyrin coordination compound;
- a working electrode;
- and
- at least one spacer arm selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and polyoxyalkyl compounds derived from diamines or diols covalently bonding the coordination compound to the working electrode;
- wherein the coordination compound is oxidized or reduced, respectively, by an applied reversible electric potential, to an oxidized or reduced state at which the material will bind to the coordination compound, and the coordination compound is changed from an oxidized state to a reduced state or from a reduced state to an oxidized state to release the material from the stationary phase;
- wherein the metalloporphyrin coordination compound has the general chemical formula:
- ##STR18## wherein:
- R.sub.1 -R.sub.12 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, vinyl, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOH, tetrasulfonic acid(sodium salt), 4-pyrridyl, phenylthio, 4-(trimethylammonio)phenyl, and 1-methyl-4-pyrridinyl tetratosylate;
- provided that when each of R.sub.3, R.sub.6, R.sub.9, and R.sub.12 is tetrasulfonic acid(sodium salt), 4-pyrridyl, phenylthio, 4-(trimethylammonio)phenyl, or 1-methyl-4-pyrridinyl tetratosylate, each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.10, and R.sub.11 is hydrogen;
- and
- M is a divalent metal cation with stable redox states.
8 more elements
A stationary phase used to separate a material from a liquid sample, the stationary phase comprising
- a metallophthalocyanine coordination compound;
- a working electrode;
- and
- at least one spacer arm selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and polyoxyalkyl compounds derived from diamines or diols covalently bonding the coordination compound to the working electrode;
- wherein the coordination compound is oxidized or reduced, respectively, by an applied reversible electric potential, to an oxidized or reduced state at which the material will bind to the coordination compound, and the coordination compound is changed from an oxidized state to a reduced state or from a reduced state to an oxidized state to release the material from the stationary phase;
- and wherein the metallophthalocyanine coordination compound has the general chemical formula:
- ##STR21## wherein:
- each of R.sub.1 -R.sub.6 is hydrogen or
- one of R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 is a complex group selected from the group consisting of a sulfonate, 4-cumylphenoxy, 4-methoxyphenyl, phenylthio, and 3,10,17,24-tetra-tert-butyl-1,8,15,22 tetrakis(dimethylamino) group and each of the others of R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 is hydrogen;
- one of R.sub.5 -R.sub.8 is the complex group and each of the others of R.sub.5 -R.sub.8 is hydrogen;
- one of R.sub.9 -R.sub.12 is the complex group and each of the others of R.sub.9 -R.sub.12 is hydrogen;
- and one of R.sub.13 -R.sub.16 is the complex group and each of the others of R.sub.13 -R.sub.16 is hydrogen;
- and
- M is a divalent metal cation with stable redox states.
11 more elements
An apparatus for separating a material from a liquid sample consisting:
- a container for the liquid sample;
- a working electrode;
- a counter electrode;
- a stationary phase covalently bound to the working electrode comprising a metalloporphyrin coordination compound which is oxidized or reduced to an oxidation or reduction compound;
- and
- a source of electric potential in electrical contact with the working electrode and the counter electrode;
- wherein the metalloporphyrin coordination compound has the general chemical formula:
- ##STR22## wherein:
- R.sub.1 -R.sub.12 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, vinyl, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COOH, tetrasulfonic acid(sodium salt), 4-pyrridyl, phenylthio, 4-(trimethylammonio)phenyl, and 1-methyl-4-pyrridinyl tetratosylate;
- provided that when each of R.sub.3, R.sub.6, R.sub.9, and R.sub.12 is tetrasulfonic acid(sodium salt), 4-pyrridyl, phenylthio, 4-(trimethylammonio)phenyl, or 1-methyl-4-pyrridinyl tetratosylate, each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 is hydrogen;
- and
- M is a divalent metal cation with stable redox states.
9 more elements
An apparatus for separating a material from a liquid sample comprising:
- a container for the liquid sample;
- a working electrode;
- a counter electrode;
- a stationary phase comprising a metallophthalocyanine coordination compound which is oxidized or reduced to an oxidation or reduction state at which the material will bind to the coordination compound;
- and
- a source of electric potential in electrical contact with the working electrode and the counter electrode;
- wherein the stationary phase is covalently bonded to the working electrode by at least one spacer arm selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and polyoxyalkyl compounds derived from diamines or diols;
- and
- wherein the metallophthalocyanine coordination compound has the general formula:
- ##STR25## wherein:
- each of R.sub.1 -R.sub.16 is hydrogen or
- one of R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 is a complex group selected from the group consisting of a sulfonate, 4-cumylphenoxy, 4-methoxyphenyl, phenylthio, and 3,10,17,24-tetra-tert-butyl-1,8,15,22 tetrakis(dimethylamino) group and each of the others of R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 is hydrogen;
- one of R.sub.5 -R.sub.8 is the complex group and each of the others of R.sub.5 -R.sub.8 is hydrogen;
- one of R.sub.9 -R.sub.12 is the complex group and each of the others of R.sub.9 -R.sub.12 is hydrogen;
- and one of R.sub.13 -R.sub.16 is the complex group and each of the others of R.sub.13 -R.sub.16 is hydrogen;
- and
- M is a divalent metal cation with stable redox states.
14 more elements
A method of separating a material from a liquid sample comprising:
- providing a system for material separation having a stationary phase comprising a metalloporphyrin coordination compound or a metallophthalocyanine coordination compound or a mixture thereof;
- oxidizing or reducing the coordination compound, respectively, to an oxidized or reduced state at which the material will bind to the compound;
- applying a source of electric potential to the system;
- and
- contacting the oxidized or reduced coordination compound with a liquid sample containing the material under conditions effective to separate the material from the liquid;
- wherein the material is a small organic compound or a higher molecular weight biological compound selected from the group consisting of peptides, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and proteins.
3 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.