# US 5,710,653 A · Linear multi-output optical transmitter system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,710,653 A - Document ID: US5710653A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/563,678 - Filed: 1995-11-28 - Granted: 1998-01-20 - Earliest claimed: 1995-03-06 - Assignees: Fiber Optic Network Solutions Corporation - Inventors: Joseph E. Nemecek; Michael J. Noonan; Amaresh Mahapatra - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5710653A ## CPC - H04N 7/22: Adaptations for optical transmission - H04B 10/5053: {using a parallel, i.e. shunt, combination of modulators} - H04B 10/50572: {to control the modulating signal amplitude including amplitude distortion} - H04B 10/50575: {to control the modulator DC bias} - H04B 10/50593: {to control the modulating signal amplitude including amplitude distortion} - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION - H04B: TRANSMISSION ## Abstract A high fidelity, multi-output optical transmission system is configured utilizing a high power continuous wave YAG laser, multiport splitters, and linearized external modulation. An electro-optical modulator design in combination with a c.w. laser, power splits and couplers attains a multi-octave bandwidth transmitter possessing second and third order distortion characteristics of -60 dB and a dynamic range >-140 dB/Hz. The system includes multiple individually modulated transmitter outputs which effectively provides bandwidth multiplication with full redundancy for increased transmission reliability. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A multi-octave bandwidth cable television optical transmission system comprising: a laser that produces an optical carrier signal having an output power of at least 50 mW; an optical splitter having an input coupled to the laser that receives and splits the optical carrier signal into a plurality of splitter outputs; a plurality of transmitters, each transmitter being coupled to a splitter output and comprising: a modulator driver for producing an analog driver signal; a modulator having a driver input that receives the driver signal and an optical input for receiving a splitter output signal, the modulator modulating a splitter output signal with the driver signal to produce a pair of modulated output signals; a distortion correction subsystem that corrects for modulator distortion of the splitter output signal; and a multi-octave bandwidth cable television fiberoptic transmission system connected to the plurality of transmitters that receives each pair of modulated output signals. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1 further comprising a second laser source that is optically coupled to the splitter. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1 wherein the distortion correction subsystem comprises a distortion network having a plurality of pairs of diodes connected in an anti-parallel circuit. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The system of claim 3 further comprising an optical receiver that receives an output signal from a modulator and a bias control circuit connected to the optical receiver and the modulator. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The system of claim 4 further comprising a bias processor connected to the distortion network and the bias control circuit. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of common module bodies, each module having a modulator and a modulator driver mounted thereon. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1 further comprising a housing in which the laser, the optical splitter and the plurality of transmitters are mounted. ### Claim 8 A transmitter for a multi-octave bandwidth fiberoptic transmission system comprising: a laser source which provides an optical carrier signal; an optical splitter that splits the optical carrier signal into a plurality of split carrier signals; a common module body; an external modulator mounted on the common module body and that modulates the split carrier signal, the external modulator having a driver signal input that receives an analog driver signal, an output that provides a modulated optical signal, and a bias input that adjusts a bias point of the external modulator; a modular driver mounted on the common module body that produces the driver signal, a distortion network coupled to the driver signal input that provides nonlinear predistortion of the driver signal and having a bias processor to adjust the nonlinear predistortion; a monitoring optical receiver coupled to the modulator output that receives a modulated optical signal; a first correction circuit coupled to the monitoring optical receiver that generates a first error signal indicative of even order distortion in the modulator, the first error signal being coupled to the modulator bias input to maintain bias about a bias point; and a second correction circuit coupled to the monitoring optical receiver that generates a second error signal indicative of odd order distortion in the modulator, the second error signal being coupled to the bias processor for adjusting the nonlinear distortion of the distortion network such that distortion products in the modulated optical signal are reduced. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The transmitter of claim 8 wherein the external modulator is a Mach-Zehnder modulator. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The transmitter of claim 8 further comprising a supervisory signal circuit that generates a supervisory signal, and an information signal input for the modulator driver that receives an information signal, the supervisory signal having a frequency below the information signal. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The transmitter of claim 8 wherein the first correction circuit comprises a first phase lock loop and the second correction circuit comprises a second phase lock loop. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The transmitter of claim 8 wherein the distortion network has a frequency transfer characteristic adjustable to produce distortion products equal in amplitude and opposite in phase relative to the transfer characteristic of the modulator. ### Claim 13 (depends on 8) The transmitter of claim 8 wherein the distortion network comprises a plurality of pairs of diodes in anti-parallel circuit mounted on the common module body. ### Claim 14 A multi-octave bandwidth fiberoptic transmission system comprising: a laser having an output power of at least 50 mW and which provides an optical carrier signal; an optical splitter that splits the optical carrier signals into a plurality of split carrier signals; a housing in which the laser source and optical splitter are mounted; a plurality of transmitters, each transmitter mounted on the housing and comprising an external modulator mounted on a common module body and connected to the optical splitter to modulate a split carrier signal, the external modulator having a driver signal input that receives a driver signal, an output that provides a modulated optical signal; a modulator driver mounted on the common module body that produces the driver signal, the modulator driver having a distortion network coupled to the driver signal input that provides nonlinear pre-distortion of the driver signal; a monitoring optical receiver coupled to the modulator output that receives a modulated optical signal; a first correction circuit coupled to the monitoring optical receiver that generates a first error signal indicative of even order distortion in the modulator, the first error signal being coupled to the modulator; a second correction circuit coupled to the monitoring optical receiver that generates a second error signal indicative of odd order distortion in the modulator, the second error signal adjusting the nonlinear distortion of the distortion network such that distortion products in the modulated optical signal are reduced; and a multi-octave bandwidth fiberoptic transmission system connected to the transmitter within the housing. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14 wherein the external modulator is a Mach-Zehnder modulator. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14 further comprising a supervisory signal circuit that generates a supervisory signal and an information signal input for the modulator driver that receives an information signal, the supervisory signal having a frequency below the information. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14 wherein the first correction circuit comprises a first phase lock loop and the second correction circuit comprises a second phase lock loop. ### Claim 18 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14 wherein the distortion network has a frequency transfer characteristic adjustable to produce distortion products equal in amplitude and opposite in phase relative to the transfer characteristic of the modulator. ### Claim 19 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14 wherein the distortion network comprises a plurality of pairs of diodes in anti-parallel circuit mounted on the common module body. ### Claim 20 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14 further comprising a second laser within the housing and connected to the optical splitter. ### Claim 21 A transmitter for a fiberoptic transmission system comprising: a laser source which provides an optical carrier signal having an output power of at least 200 mW; an external modulator that modulates the optical carrier signal, the external modulator having a driver signal input that receives an analog cable television information driver signal, an output that provides a modulated optical signal, and a DC bias input that adjusts a bias point of the external modulator; a modulator driver that provides the driver signal, the modulator driver comprising a distortion network coupled to the driver signal input that provides nonlinear pre-distortion of the driver signal to compensate for odd order distortion generated by the external modulator and a bias processor coupled to the distortion network for adjusting the nonlinear predistortion; a supervisory tone signal circuit that generates a supervisory tone signal coupled to the DC bias input having a frequency below the driver signal; a monitoring optical receiver coupled to the modulator output that receives the modulated optical signal and provides a monitor signal including a distorted supervisory tone signal; a first correction circuit coupled to the monitor signal of the monitoring optical receiver that generates a first error signal indicative of even order distortion in the modulator, the first error signal being coupled to the DC bias input of the modulator to maintain bias about a bias point; and a second correction circuit coupled to the monitor signal of the monitoring optical receiver that generates a second error signal indicative of odd order distortion in the modulator, the second error signal being coupled to the bias processor for adjusting the nonlinear distortion of the distortion network such that distortion products in the modulated optical signal are reduced. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The transmitter of claim 21 further comprising a loading detector circuit coupled to the driver signal for providing a loading detector signal to the bias processor indicative of channel loading present in the driver signal and wherein the bias processor provides a coarse bias optimization of the distortion network responsive to the loading detector signal. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The transmitter of claim 22 wherein the distortion network comprises a plurality of pairs of diodes connected in an anti-parallel circuit. ### Claim 24 (depends on 21) The transmitter of claim 21 wherein the distortion network has a frequency transfer characteristic adjustable to produce distortion products equal in amplitude and opposite in phase relative to the transfer characteristic of the modulator. ### Claim 25 (depends on 21) The transmitter of claim 21 wherein the external modulator, the modulator driver, the monitoring optical receiver, the first correction circuit and the second correction circuit are mounted on a common module body.