# US 5,710,487 A · Ballast circuit for gaseous discharge lamps without inductive electrical components or filaments

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- Number: US 5,710,487 A
- Document ID: US5710487A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 08/295,369
- Filed: 1994-08-24
- Granted: 1998-01-20
- Earliest claimed: 1994-08-24
- Inventors: Francisco Javier Velasco Valcke
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5710487A

## CPC

- H05B 41/382: {during the transitional start-up phase}
- H05B 41/16: in which the lamp is fed by DC or by low-frequency AC, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec AC {, or with network frequencies}
- Y02B 20/00: Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y10S 315/02: High frequency starting operation for fluorescent lamp
- Y10S 315/05: Starting and operating circuit for fluorescent lamp
- H05B: ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- Y02B: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y10S: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS

## Abstract

An improved energizing circuit for starting and regulating a gaseous discharge lamp. The circuit is 100% solid state and does not require the use of any inductive components or any filaments for its proper operation. The circuit is made up of several sub-circuits including a rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit, a second multiplying circuit, a low power oscillating circuit and a high voltage amplifier circuit. A high frequency AC signal is used to ionize the gas and ignite the lamp, while a DC signal is generated by the circuit to keep the lamp illuminated once it is ignited. The size and weight of the integrated circuit ballast are such that it could be incorporated into the fluorescent lamp package itself.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A ballast circuit for igniting and continually illuminating a gaseous discharge lamp, the ballast circuit being operable without the use of any inductive electrical components, and the ballast circuit being operable without the use of any filaments, the ballast circuit comprising:
(a) means for rectifying and multiplying an initial supply voltage signal from an AC power source;
(b) means for filtering out AC frequency ridges in a rectified and multiplied supply voltage signal;
(c) means for receiving said rectified and multiplied supply voltage signal and outputting a high frequency signal; and
(d) means for amplifying an average of said rectified and multiplied supply voltage signal and said high frequency signal to ignite a gaseous discharge lamp.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The ballast circuit of claim 1, wherein said means for rectifying and multiplying a supply voltage signal from an AC power source is further comprised of a rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit which receives a supply voltage of E.sub.in from an AC power source and outputs a first no-load voltage signal of approximately 2.sqroot.2 E.sub.in, and a multiplying circuit which receives said first no-load voltage signal from said rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit and outputs a second no-load voltage signal of approximately 3.sqroot.2 E.sub.in.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The ballast circuit of claim 2, wherein said means for rectifying and multiplying a supply voltage signal from an AC power source is further comprised of a rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit which receives a supply voltage of E.sub.in from an AC power source and outputs a first no-load voltage signal of approximately 2.sqroot.2 E.sub.in, and a multiplying circuit which receives said first no-load voltage signal from said rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit and outputs a second no-load voltage signal of approximately 3.sqroot.2 E.sub.in.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The ballast circuit of claim 3, wherein said means for receiving said rectified and multiplied supply voltage signal and outputting said high frequency signal is further comprised of a low power oscillating circuit connected between output terminals on said rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit, said low power oscillating circuit outputting a 2.sqroot.2 E.sub.in high frequency signal.

### Claim 5

An improved ballast circuit which does not require the use of any inductive electrical components or any filaments to ignite and continually illuminate a gaseous discharge lamp, the circuit comprising:
(a) a rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit receiving a supply voltage of E.sub.in by an AC power source, said rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit outputting a first no-load voltage signal of approximately 2.sqroot.2 E.sub.in ;
(b) a multiplying circuit supplied by the AC power source, said multiplying circuit receiving said first no-load voltage signal from said rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit and outputting a second no-load voltage signal of approximately 3.sqroot.2 E.sub.in ;
(c) a filtering capacitor connected between output terminals on said rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit, said filtering capacitor to filter out AC frequency ridges in said first no-load voltage signal;
(d) a low power oscillating circuit connected between said output terminals on said rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit and connected in parallel with said filtering capacitor, said low power oscillating circuit outputting a 2.sqroot.2 E.sub.in high frequency square wave signal;
(e) a high voltage amplifier circuit which receives, and takes an average voltage of, said second no-load voltage signal from said multiplying circuit and said high frequency signal from said low power oscillating circuit, said amplifier circuit multiplies said average voltage by a factor of G to obtain a high frequency amplifier output signal of 2G.sqroot.2 E.sub.in to ignite a gaseous discharge lamp;
(f) a triggering capacitor connected to the AC power source, said triggering capacitor significantly lowering the supply voltage E.sub.in upon sensing an increase in current once the lamp is ignited; and
(g) a DC maintenance current, said maintenance current being supplied to the lamp after the lamp is ignited.

### Claim 6

An improved ballast circuit, the ballast circuit being operable without the use of any inductive electrical components, and the ballast circuit being operable without the use of any filaments to ignite and continually illuminate a gaseous discharge lamp, the ballast circuit comprising:
(a) a rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit receiving a supply voltage of E.sub.in by an AC power source, said rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit outputting a first no-load voltage signal of approximately 2.sqroot.2 E.sub.in ;
(b) a multiplying circuit supplied by the AC power source, said multiplying circuit receiving said first no-load voltage signal from said rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit and outputting a second no-load voltage signal of approximately 3.sqroot.2 E.sub.in ;
(c) a filtering capacitor connected between output terminals on said rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit, said filtering capacitor to filter out AC frequency ridges in said first no-load voltage signal;
(d) a low power, high frequency, oscillating circuit connected between said output terminals on said rectifying and voltage-doubling circuit and connected in parallel with said filtering capacitor, said low power oscillating circuit outputting a 2.sqroot.2 E.sub.in high frequency square wave signal;
(e) a high voltage amplifier circuit which receives, and takes an average voltage of, said second no-load voltage signal from said multiplying circuit and said high frequency signal from said low power oscillating circuit, said amplifier circuit multiplies said average voltage by a factor of G to obtain a high frequency amplifier output signal of 2G.sqroot.2 E.sub.in to ignite a gaseous discharge lamp;
(f) a triggering capacitor connected to the AC power source, said triggering capacitor significantly lowering the supply voltage E.sub.in upon sensing an increase in current once the lamp is ignited; and
(g) a DC maintenance current, said maintenance current being supplied to the lamp after the lamp is ignited.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The ballast circuit of claim 6, wherein said multiplying circuit also has a resistor and a diode, said resistor creating an increased voltage drop after sensing an increase in current once the lamp is ignited, said voltage drop causing said diode to become forward biased to allow DC current to flow through an output of said multiplying circuit, and wherein said amplifier circuit multiplies said average voltage by a factor of G to obtain a high frequency amplifier output signal of 2G.sqroot.2 E.sub.in to ignite a gaseous discharge lamp, said amplifier circuit allowing DC current from said multiplier circuit to pass through its output and into said lamp after said lamp is ignited.