# US 5,707,771 A · Toner for developing electrostatic image > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,707,771 A - Document ID: US5707771A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/575,388 - Filed: 1995-12-20 - Granted: 1998-01-13 - Earliest claimed: 1994-12-21 - Assignees: Canon Kabushiki Kaisha - Inventors: Satoshi Matsunaga - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5707771A ## CPC - G03G 9/0918: {Phthalocyanine dyes} - G03G 9/0821: {characterised by physical parameters (magnetic parameters G03G9/083)} - G03G 9/08755: {Polyesters} - G03G 9/08782: {Waxes} - G03G: ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY ## Abstract A toner for developing an electrostatic image includes: a binder resin, a colorant and a wax. The toner is designed to have (a) a storage modulus at 100.degree. C. (G'.sub.100) of 1.times.10.sup.4 Pa to 5.times.10.sup.4 Pa, and (b) a storage modulus at 60.degree. C. (G'.sub.60) and a storage modulus at 70.degree. C. (G'.sub.70) providing a ratio (G'.sub.60 /G'.sub.70) of at least 30. Because of the rheological properties, the toner shows a good fixability even at a high colorant content and shows an improved fixability immediately after power supply to a fixing device in a cold environment. The binder resin may preferably include a low-modulus component and a high-modulus component. The wax may preferably include a high-melting point wax component and a low-melting point wax component. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A toner for developing an electrostatic image, comprising: a binder resin, a colorant and a wax; wherein the toner has (a) a storage modulus at 100.degree. C. (G'.sub.100) of 1.times.10.sup.4 Pa to 5.times.10.sup.4 Pa, and (b) a storage modulus at 60.degree. C. (G'.sub.60) and a storage modulus at 70.degree. C. (G'.sub.70) providing a ratio (G'.sub.60 /G'.sub.70) of at least 30. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the ratio (G'.sub.60 /G'.sub.70) is 30-120. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1, 2) The toner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the binder resin includes a low-modulus binder resin component and a high-modulus binder resin component. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The toner according to claim 3, wherein the low-modulus binder resin component has G'.sub.100 satisfying 1.times.10.sup.2 Pa.ltoreq.G'.sub.100 <1.times.10.sup.4 Pa. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The toner according to claim 3, wherein the high-modulus binder resin component has G'.sub.100 =1.times.10.sup.4 -1.times.10.sup.6 Pa. ### Claim 6 (depends on 3) The toner according to claim 3, wherein the low-modulus binder resin component has G'.sub.100 satisfying 1.times.10.sup.2 Pa.ltoreq.G'.sub.100 <1.times.10.sup.4 Pa, and the high-modulus binder resin component has G'.sub.100 =1.times.10.sup.4 -1.times.10.sup.6 Pa. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner provides a DSC curve as measured by using a differential scanning calorimeter showing a heat-absorption main peak in a temperature region of 60.degree.-135.degree. C. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The toner according to claim 7, wherein the toner provides a DSC curve as measured by using a differential scanning calorimeter showing a heat-absorption main peak in a temperature region of 60.degree.-100.degree. C. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The toner according to claim 7, wherein the toner provides a DSC curve as measured by using a differential scanning calorimeter showing a heat-absorption main peak and a heat-absorption sub-peak in a temperature region of 60.degree.-135.degree. C. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The toner according to claim 9, wherein the toner provides a DSC curve as measured by using a differential scanning calorimeter showing a heat-absorption main peak in a temperature region of 60.degree.-100.degree. C. ### Claim 11 (depends on 7) The toner according to claim 7, wherein the toner provides a DSC curve as measured by using a differential scanning calorimeter showing a heat-absorption main peak and a heat-absorption shoulder in a temperature region of 60.degree.-135.degree. C. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The toner according to claim 11, wherein the toner provides a DSC curve as measured by using a differential scanning calorimeter showing a heat-absorption main peak in a temperature region of 60.degree.-100.degree. C. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the wax provides a DSC curve as measured by using a differential scanning calorimeter showing a heat-absorption main peak in a temperature region of 60.degree.-135.degree. C. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The toner according to claim 13, wherein the wax provides a DSC curve as measured by using a differential scanning calorimeter showing a heat-absorption main peak in a temperature region of 60.degree.-100.degree. C. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The toner according to claim 13, wherein the wax provides a DSC curve as measured by using a differential scanning calorimeter showing a heat-absorption main peak and a heat-absorption sub-peak in a temperature region of 60.degree.-135.degree. C. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The toner according to claim 15, wherein the wax provides a DSC curve as measured by using a differential scanning calorimeter showing a heat-absorption main peak in a temperature region of 60.degree.-100.degree. C. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The toner according to claim 13, wherein the wax provides a DSC curve as measured by using a differential scanning calorimeter showing a heat-absorption main peak and a heat-absorption shoulder in a temperature region of 60.degree.-135.degree. C. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The toner according to claim 17, wherein the wax provides a DSC curve as measured by using a differential scanning calorimeter showing a heat-absorption main peak in a temperature region of 60.degree.-100.degree. C. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the wax comprises a low-melting point wax having a melting point of 60.degree.-94.degree. C., and a high-melting point wax having a melting point of 95.degree.-135.degree. C. ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the wax comprises a low-melting point wax having a melting point of 70.degree.-90.degree. C., and a high-melting point wax having a melting point of 95.degree.-130.degree. C. ### Claim 21 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the wax comprises a low-melting point wax having a melting point of 70.degree.-90.degree. C., and a high-melting point wax having a melting point of 100.degree.-130.degree. C. ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the wax comprises a low-melting point wax having a melting point T.sub.ML (.degree.C.) and a high-melting point wax having a melting point T.sub.MH (.degree.C.) satisfying: 80.ltoreq.(T.sub.ML +T.sub.MH)/2.ltoreq.110, and T.sub.MH -T.sub.ML .gtoreq.20. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The toner according to claim 22, wherein T.sub.ML and T.sub.MH provide a difference therebetween of 20.degree. to 75.degree. C. ### Claim 24 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has G'.sub.100 =1.times.10.sup.4 -4.5.times.10.sup.4 Pa. ### Claim 25 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has G'.sub.100 =1.5.times.10.sup.4 -4.times.10.sup.4 Pa. ### Claim 26 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has (G'.sub.60 /G'.sub.70)=35-120. ### Claim 27 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has (G'.sub.60 /G'.sub.70)=40-110. ### Claim 28 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has G'.sub.60 .gtoreq.7.times.10.sup.6 Pa. ### Claim 29 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has G'.sub.60 =1.times.10.sup.7 -5.times.10.sup.8 Pa. ### Claim 30 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has G'.sub.60 =2.times.10.sup.7 -4.times.10.sup.8 Pa. ### Claim 31 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has G'.sub.70 .ltoreq.7.times.10.sup.6 Pa. ### Claim 32 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has G'.sub.70 =6.times.10.sup.5 -6.times.10.sup.6 Pa. ### Claim 33 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has G'.sub.70 =8.times.10.sup.5 -5.times.10.sup.6 Pa. ### Claim 34 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has a maximum of loss modulus (G") of 8.times.10.sup.7 -5.times.10.sup.8 PA in a temperature range of 48.degree.-65.degree. C. ### Claim 35 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has a maximum of loss modulus (G") of 9.times.10.sup.7 -4.times.10.sup.8 Pa in a temperature range of 49.degree.-63.degree. C. ### Claim 36 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has a maximum of loss modulus (G") of 1.times.10.sup.7 -3.times.10.sup.8 Pa in a temperature range of 50.degree.-60.degree. C. ### Claim 37 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has a loss modulus G" and a storage modulus G' providing a ratio (G"/G'=tan .delta.) of at least 0.5 at a temperature in a range of 60.degree.-100.degree. C. ### Claim 38 (depends on 37) The toner according to claim 37, wherein the ratio (G"/G'=tan .delta.) has a maximum of at least 1.5 in a temperature range of 63.degree.-78.degree. C. ### Claim 39 (depends on 38) The toner according to claim 38, wherein the ratio (G"/G'=tan .delta.) has a maximum in a temperature range of 64.degree.-75.degree. C. ### Claim 40 (depends on 38) The toner according to claim 38, wherein the ratio (G"/G'=tan .delta.) has a maximum in a temperature range of 65.degree.-73.degree. C. ### Claim 41 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the colorant comprises a magnetic material. ### Claim 42 (depends on 41) The toner according to claim 41, wherein the magnetic material is contained in 10-200 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin. ### Claim 43 (depends on 41) The toner according to claim 41, wherein the magnetic material is contained in 20-150 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin. ### Claim 44 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the colorant comprises a non-magnetic colorant. ### Claim 45 (depends on 44) The toner according to claim 44, wherein the non-magnetic colorant is contained in 0.1-60 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin. ### Claim 46 (depends on 44) The toner according to claim 44, wherein the non-magnetic colorant is contained in 0.5-50 wt. parts per 100 wt. parts of the binder resin. ### Claim 47 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has a weight-average particle size of 3-9 .mu.m. ### Claim 48 (depends on 1) The toner according to claim 1, wherein the toner has a weight-average particle size of 3-8 .mu.m.