# US 5,707,760 A · Additives for inhibiting decomposition of lithium salts and electrolytes containing said additives

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- Number: US 5,707,760 A
- Document ID: US5707760A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 08/762,080
- Filed: 1996-12-09
- Granted: 1998-01-13
- Earliest claimed: 1996-12-09
- Assignees: Valence Technology, Inc.
- Inventors: Arnold M. Stux; Jeremy Barker
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5707760A

## CPC

- H01M 10/0567: characterised by the additives
- H01M 10/052: Li-accumulators
- H01M 10/0565: Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
- H01M 6/166: {by the solute}
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

A method of enhancing the thermal stability of electrolytic solvents containing lithium salts by the addition of carbonate additives such as lithium carbonate and calcium carbonate is provided. Electrochemical cells comprising electrolytes with the additives are expected to demonstrate improve performance and cycle life.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An electrolytic cell which comprises:
an anode;
a cathode;
and interposed therebetween a solvent-containing electrolyte which comprises:
a lithium salt;
a solvent; and
a carbonate additive comprising calcium carbonate.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The electrolytic cell of claim 1, wherein said carbonate additive further comprises lithium carbonate.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The electrolytic cell of claim 1, wherein said carbonate additive is a powder having a diameter that ranges from about 1 .mu.m to about 20 .mu.m.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein the carbonate additive comprises from about 1% to about 20% by weight of the electrolyte.

### Claim 5 (depends on 2)

The electrolytic cell of claim 2, wherein the lithium carbonate comprises from about 1% to about 20% by weight of the electrolyte.

### Claim 6 (depends on 3)

The electrolytic cell of claim 3, wherein the calcium carbonate comprises from about 1% to about 20% by weight of the electrolyte.

### Claim 7 (depends on 4)

The electrolytic cell of claim 4, wherein the electrolyte further comprises a polymeric matrix.

### Claim 8 (depends on 5)

The electrolytic cell of claim 5, wherein the electrolyte further comprises a polymeric matrix.

### Claim 9 (depends on 6)

The electrolytic cell of claim 6, wherein the electrolyte further comprises a polymeric matrix.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein the anode comprises an intercalation based anode comprising carbon.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein the cathode comprises material selected from the group consisting of vanadium oxide, lithiated manganese oxide, lithiated nickel oxide, lithiated cobalt oxide, and mixtures thereof.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The electrolytic cell of claim 11, wherein the anode comprises an intercalation based anode comprising carbon.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The electrolytic cell of claim 12 wherein the salt is LiPF.sub.6.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The electrolytic cell of claim 1 wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, propyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate and mixtures thereof.

### Claim 15

A process for preparing an electrolytic cell which comprises: (a) providing a cathode;
(b) providing an anode;
(c) forming an electrolyte between the cathode and anode wherein the electrolyte comprises:
a lithium salt,
a solvent; and
a carbonate additive comprising calcium carbonate.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The process of claim 15, wherein said carbonate additive further comprises lithium carbonate.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The process of claim 15, wherein said carbonate additive is a powder having a diameter that ranges from about 1 .mu.m to about 20 .mu.m.

### Claim 18 (depends on 15)

The process of claim 15, wherein the carbonate additive comprises from about 1% to about 20% by weight of the electrolyte.

### Claim 19 (depends on 16)

The process of claim 16, wherein the lithium carbonate comprises from about 1% to about 20% by weight of the electrolyte.

### Claim 20 (depends on 17)

The process of claim 17, wherein the calcium carbonate comprises from about 1% to about 20% by weight of the electrolyte.

### Claim 21 (depends on 18)

The process of claim 18, wherein the electrolyte further comprises a polymeric matrix.

### Claim 22 (depends on 19)

The process of claim 19, wherein the electrolyte further comprises a polymeric matrix.

### Claim 23 (depends on 20)

The process of claim 20, wherein the electrolyte further comprises a polymeric matrix.

### Claim 24 (depends on 15)

The process of claim 15, wherein the anode comprises an intercalation based anode comprising carbon.

### Claim 25 (depends on 15)

The process of claim 15, wherein the cathode comprises material selected from the group consisting of vanadium oxide, lithiated manganese oxide, lithiated nickel oxide, lithiated cobalt oxide, and mixtures thereof.

### Claim 26 (depends on 25)

The process of claim 25, wherein the anode comprises an intercalation based anode comprising carbon.

### Claim 27 (depends on 26)

The process of claim 26, wherein the salt is LiPF.sub.6.

### Claim 28 (depends on 15)

The process of claim 15, wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, propyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, and mixtures thereof.