# US 5,707,693 A · Method and apparatus for thermal spraying cylindrical bores > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,707,693 A - Document ID: US5707693A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/715,722 - Filed: 1996-09-19 - Granted: 1998-01-13 - Earliest claimed: 1996-09-19 - Assignees: Ingersoll-Rand Company - Inventors: Walter C. Vliet; Edwin E. Rice - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5707693A ## CPC - B05B 7/224: {the material having originally the shape of a wire, rod or the like} - B05B 13/0636: {by means of rotatable spray heads or nozzles} - C23C 4/131: Wire arc spraying - C23C 4/16: Wires; Tubes - B05B: SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES (spray-mixers with nozzles B01F25/72; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces by spraying B05D) - C23C: COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL (making metal-coated products by extrusion B21C23/22; covering with metal by connecting pre-existing layers to articles, see the relevant places, e.g. B21D39/00, B23K; metallising of glass C03C; metallising mortars, concrete, artificial stone, ceramics or natural stone C04B41/00; enamelling of, or applying a vitreous layer to, metals C23D; treating metal surfaces or coating of metals by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25D; single-crystal film growth C30B; by metallising textiles D06M11/83; decorating textiles by locally metallising D06Q1/04) ## Abstract Disclosed are a method and apparatus for coating the interior surface of a cylinder wherein a consumable electrode is fed to an arc formed between a rotating non-consumable electrode and directing an atomizing gas through the arc formed to carry the molten metal of the consumable electrode to the cylinder wall to coat the wall and wherein the consumable electrode is introduced into the cylinder from an end opposite the rotating non-consumable electrode. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of thermal spraying a material onto a restricted access internal cylindrical surface forming a cylindrical bore of a cylinder having a first cylindrical axis of said cylindrical bore comprising: an arc spraying process with a consumable electrode and a non-consumable electrode wherein the non-consumable electrode is introduced into the cylinder from one open end and rotated within the cylinder about the cylindrical axis but offset therefrom as well as being linearly translated along the cylindrical axis; said consumable electrode being fed into and maintained in arc striking distance from the non-consumable electrode from an opposite open end of the cylinder; an arc being struck between the consumable and non-consumable electrodes and atomizing gas being directed through the arc and across the first cylindrical axis to atomize molten material in the arc and carry it towards and deposit it on the internal cylindrical surface. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A method of thermal spraying according to claim 1 wherein: said non-consumable electrode is part of a transferred arc plasma torch assembly which is inserted in said cylindrical bore after said cylindrical bore is positioned transversely to a cylindrical axis position in line with a rotating centerline of said torch. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) A method of thermal spraying according to claim 2 wherein: said consumable electrode is inserted in said cylindrical bore along said cylindrical axis after said cylindrical bore is positioned transversely to a cylindrical axis position in line with a rotating centerline of said torch. ### Claim 4 An apparatus for thermal spraying cylindrical bores comprising: a thermal arc spray head including a non-consumable electrode disposed for rotation about and translation along a central axis of a cylindrical bore; said thermal arc spray head being inserted into said cylindrical bore from one open end of said cylindrical bore; a consumable electrode being inserted from an opposite open end of said cylindrical bore along said central axis to within arc striking distance from said non-consumable electrode; means for thereafter synchronizing the translation of said consumable and said non-consumable electrode, in arc sustaining distance along said central axis, in an arc sustaining distance; and means associated with said non-consumable electrode for directing an atomizing gas through an arc formed and across the central axis between said consumable and said non-consumable electrode to atomize molten material from the consumable electrode in the arc and carry it towards and deposit it on an inner cylindrical surface of said cylindrical bore. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) An apparatus for thermal spraying cylindrical bores according to claim 4 wherein: said thermal arc spray head is a transferred arc plasma torch assembly containing said non-consumable electrode. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) An apparatus for thermal spraying cylindrical bores according to claim 4 wherein: said thermal arc spray head and said consumable electrode are mounted on a common reciprocating carrier and are axially aligned and relatively displaceable in opposite directions to permit insertion of a cylindrical bore therebetween. ### Claim 7 (depends on 4) An apparatus for thermal spaying cylindrical bores according to claim 4 wherein: said thermal arc spray head and said consumable electrode are mounted on coordinated servo means for alternatively moving said thermal arc spray head and said consumable electrode together and apart or coordinated together to reciprocate within said cylindrical bore. ### Claim 8 (depends on 4) An apparatus for thermal spraying cylindrical bores according to claim 4 further comprising a means for moving said cylindrical bore transversely to a position of alignment of the central axis of the cylindrical bore with a rotating axis of said thermal arc spray head. ### Claim 9 (depends on 4) An apparatus for thermal spraying cylindrical bores according to claim 4, wherein: said cylindrical bore is a piston bore in an engine block.