# US 5,706,897 A · Drilling, production, test, and oil storage caisson > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,706,897 A - Document ID: US5706897A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/564,830 - Filed: 1995-11-29 - Granted: 1998-01-13 - Earliest claimed: 1995-11-29 - Assignees: Deep Oil Technology, Inc. - Inventors: Edward E. Horton, III - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5706897A ## CPC - E21B 34/16: Control means therefor being outside the borehole {(control systems for submerged well heads E21B33/0355)} - E21B 15/02: specially adapted for underwater drilling (E21B15/04 takes precedence) - E21B 17/012: {with buoyancy elements (E21B17/015 takes precedence)} - E21B 19/002: {specially adapted for underwater drilling (E21B19/09, E21B19/143 take precedence)} - E21B 33/035: specially adapted for underwater installations (E21B33/043, E21B33/064, E21B33/076 take precedence) - E21B 34/04: in underwater well heads - E21B 43/01: specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations - B63B 2001/044: {with a small waterline area compared to total displacement, e.g. of semi-submersible type} - B63B 2035/442: {Spar-type semi-submersible structures, i.e. shaped as single slender, e.g. substantially cylindrical or trussed vertical bodies} - E21B: EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS - B63B: SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING (arrangements of vessel ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning B63J2/00; floating substructures as supports of dredgers or soil-shifting machines E02F9/06) ## Abstract A drilling, production, test, and oil storage caisson for use in deep water offshore well operations. Separate low pressure and high pressure drilling risers are independently supported on buoyancy modules. Multiple drilling and production risers are left in the water and connected to the drilling rig and well(s) as needed to prevent the need for the raising and lowering of different risers during the various steps involved in beginning and completing wells. Surface and lower BOP stacks are utilized. Means for controlling the accelerations and velocity of the drilling riser buoyancy modules in the event of riser failure is provided. A subsea tree with dual master valves allows for production directly through a vertical production riser, flowline, to the production manifold on the caisson. A twisted tubing production riser is formed from three strings of tubing that are used for the flowline, annulus, and conduit for control lines. ## Claims ### Claim 1 In a drilling, production, test, and oil storage caisson for use in deep water offshore well operations wherein a drilling or production riser extends down to the seafloor and is attached to a wellhead, with said drilling riser designed to receive a drill string therethrough, said caisson being self buoyant such that a portion of the caisson extends above the water surface, the caisson being held in position by mooring lines, and the caisson having a drilling rig positioned on the upper end of said caisson so as to be moveable laterally relative to said caisson, the combination of: a. at least two drilling risers extending down through said caisson and sized to receive drill string through said drilling risers, said drilling risers having different pressure ratings; and b. a buoyancy module attached to each of said drilling risers such that each of said drilling risers is independently supported by said buoyancy module, with each buoyancy module contained for limited vertical movement within the caisson. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The caisson of claim 1, further comprising means for varying the buoyancy of said buoyancy modules. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The caisson of claim 2, wherein said means for varying the buoyancy of said buoyancy modules comprises a pump for varying the water ballast in said buoyancy modules. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The caisson of claim 2, wherein said means for varying the buoyancy of said buoyancy modules comprises an air injection/bleed line for varying the water ballast in said buoyancy modules. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The caisson of claim 1, further comprising said caisson having a plurality of slots through the length of said caisson that are each sized to receive and provide lateral support to a drilling riser or a production riser. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The caisson of claim 1, further comprising: a. a movable joint provided at the lower end of said buoyancy module; b. a support ring attached to said movable joint; and c. an annular shoulder on said drilling riser that is sized and positioned to rest upon said support ring. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The caisson of claim 1, further comprising: a. a surface blow-out-preventer stack, said surface stack having the capability to control all functions necessary to control a well; and b. a lower blow-out-preventer stack positioned at the seafloor, with the capability of said lower stack being limited to emergency shut off of a well. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The caisson of claim 6, further comprising a bleed line in fluid communication with said lower stack and the well for equalizing pressure between the well and said drilling riser. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The caisson of claim 1, further comprising means attached to said drilling riser buoyancy module and said caisson for controlling the acceleration and velocity of said buoyancy module in the event of a drilling riser failure. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The caisson of claim 1, further comprising means attached to said drilling riser buoyancy module and said caisson for selectively locking said drilling riser buoyancy module in place. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The caisson of claim 8, where said control means comprises a dashpot. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The caisson of claim 8, where said control means comprises a friction brake. ### Claim 13 In a drilling, production, test, or oil storage caisson for use in deep water offshore well operations wherein a drilling or production riser extends down to the seafloor and is attached to a wellhead, with said drilling riser designed to receive a drill string therethrough, said caisson being self buoyant such that a portion of the caisson extends above the water surface, the caisson being held in position by mooring lines, and the caisson having a drilling rig positioned on the upper end of said caisson so as to be moveable laterally relative to said caisson, the combination of: a. at least two drilling risers extending down through said caisson and sized to receive drill string through said drilling risers, said drilling risers having different pressure ratings; b. said caisson having a plurality of slots through the length of said caisson that are each sized to receive and provide lateral support to a drilling riser or production riser; c. a buoyancy module attached to each of said drilling risers such that each of said drilling risers is independently supported by said buoyancy module, with each buoyancy module contained for limited vertical movement within the caisson; and d. means for varying the buoyancy of said buoyancy modules. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The caisson of claim 13, wherein said means for varying the buoyancy of said buoyancy modules comprises a pump for varying the water ballast in said buoyancy modules. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The caisson of claim 13, wherein said means for varying the buoyancy of said buoyancy modules comprises an air injection/bleed line for varying the water ballast in said buoyancy modules. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The caisson of claim 13, further comprising: a. a movable joint provided at the lower end of said buoyancy module; b. a support ring attached to said movable joint; and c. an annular shoulder on said drilling riser that is sized and positioned to rest upon said support ring. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The caisson of claim 13, further comprising: a. a surface blow-out-preventer stack, said surface stack having the capability to control all functions necessary to control a well; and b. a lower blow-out-preventer stack positioned at the seafloor, with the capability of said lower stack being limited to emergency shut off of a well. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The caisson of claim 17, further comprising a bleed line in fluid communication with said lower stack and the well for equalizing pressure between the well and said drilling riser. ### Claim 19 (depends on 13) The caisson of claim 13, further comprising means attached to said drilling riser buoyancy module and said caisson for controlling the acceleration and velocity of said buoyancy module in the event of a drilling riser failure. ### Claim 20 (depends on 13) The caisson of claim 13, further comprising means attached to said drilling riser buoyancy module and said caisson for selectively locking said drilling riser buoyancy module in place. ### Claim 21 (depends on 19) The caisson of claim 19, where said control means comprises a dashpot. ### Claim 22 (depends on 19) The caisson of claim 19, where said control means comprises a friction brake. ### Claim 23 (depends on 13) The caisson of claim 13, further comprising: a. a production riser buoyancy module attached to the production riser such that the production riser is independently supported by said buoyancy module, with the buoyancy module contained for limited vertical movement within the caisson; b. a movable joint provided at the lower end of said production riser buoyancy module; c. a support ring attached to said movable joint; and d. an annular shoulder on the production riser that is sized and positioned to rest upon said support ring. ### Claim 24 In a drilling, production, test, and oil storage caisson for use in deep water offshore well operations wherein a drilling or production riser extends down to the seafloor and is attached to a wellhead, with said drilling riser designed to receive a drill string therethrough, said caisson being self buoyant such that a portion of the caisson extends above the water surface, the caisson being held in position by mooring lines, and the caisson having a drilling rig positioned on the upper end of said caisson so as to be moveable laterally relative to said caisson, the combination of: a. a low pressure drilling riser extending down through said caisson and sized to receive drill string or a high pressure drilling riser through said low pressure drilling riser; and b. a buoyancy module attached to said low pressure drilling riser such that said low pressure drilling riser is independently supported by said buoyancy module, with said buoyancy module contained for limited vertical movement within the caisson. ### Claim 25 In an offshore structure designed to drill for and produce hydrocarbons, a twisted tubing production riser, comprising: a plurality of tubes that are rotated during installation such that the tubes are twisted in a braided manner, with each of said tubes being dedicated to different functions; b. a buoyancy module attached to said twisted tubing production riser such that said twisted tubing production riser is independently supported by said buoyancy module, with said buoyancy module contained for limited vertical movement within the offshore structure; c. a movable joint provided at the lower end of said buoyancy module; d. a support ring attached to Said movable joint; and e. an annular shoulder on each tube of said twisted tubing production riser that is sized and positioned to rest upon said support ring.