# US 5,706,013 A · Nonhomogeneity detection method and apparatus for improved adaptive signal processing > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,706,013 A - Document ID: US5706013A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/694,577 - Filed: 1996-08-09 - Granted: 1998-01-06 - Earliest claimed: 1996-08-09 - Assignees: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Air Force - Inventors: William L. Melvin; Michael C. Wicks; Pinyuen Chen - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5706013A ## CPC - G01S 7/2923: {based on data belonging to a number of consecutive radar periods} - G06V 10/255: {Detecting or recognising potential candidate objects based on visual cues, e.g. shapes} - G01S 13/5242: {with means for platform motion or scan motion compensation, e.g. airborne MTI} - G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - G06V: IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING ## Abstract Apparatus and method for improving detection of targets in a radar system that employs adaptive filtering. A nonhomogeneity detector eliminates nonhomogeneous signals from the population of signals received. An adaptive filter weight controller estimates covariance matrices from only homogenous signals. Thus the apparatus and method improves the probability of detecting the presence or absence of a target at the same time that it decreases the probability of a false alarm by improving the performance of an adaptive filter. Though developed for airborne radar, the apparatus and method may be applied to the processing of any image. ## Claims ### Claim 1 In a system for processing signals, a method, for identifying a one of presence and absence of at least one potential target, comprising the steps of: receiving a plurality of signals from an area potentially containing said at least one potential target, each member of said plurality of signals being multidimensional; separating said plurality of signals into a first group and a second group; computing a plurality of adaptive filter weights from said first group only; applying said plurality of adaptive filter weights to form an adaptive filter; and filtering said plurality of signals by means of said adaptive filter, whereby interference obscuring said at least one potential target is reduced. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said step of separating is based on covariance among all members of said plurality of signals, wherein said covariance includes amplitude and phase information. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein: said first group comprises a first portion of said plurality of signals, said first portion being homogeneous in covariance; said second group comprises a second portion of said plurality of signals, said second portion being nonhomogeneous in covariance. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said system for processing signals is a mobile radar. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein said mobile radar is an airborne radar. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein said airborne radar is a phased-array, pulsed-Doppler radar. ### Claim 7 Apparatus for processing signals from which to identify a one of presence and absence of at least one potential target, which comprises: means for receiving a plurality of signals from an area potentially containing at least one potential target, each member of said plurality of signals being multidimensional; means for separating said plurality of signals into a first group and a second group; means for computing a plurality of adaptive filter weights from said first group only; means for applying said plurality of adaptive filter weights to form an adaptive filter; and means for filtering said plurality of signals with said adaptive filter, whereby interference obscuring said at least one potential target is reduced. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) Apparatus as in claim 7, wherein said means for receiving is a mobile radar receiver. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) Apparatus as in claim 8, wherein said mobile radar receiver is an airborne radar receiver. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) Apparatus as in claim 9, wherein said airborne radar receiver is a phased-array, pulsed-Doppler radar receiver. ### Claim 11 (depends on 7) Apparatus as in claim 7, wherein: said first group comprises a first portion of said plurality of signals, said first portion being homogeneous in covariance; said second group comprises a second portion of said plurality of signals, said second portion being nonhomogeneous in covariance; said covariance is among all members of said plurality of signals; and said covariance includes amplitude and phase information. ### Claim 12 (depends on 7) Apparatus as in claim 7, wherein said means for separating includes a nonhomogeneity detector cooperating with an auxiliary signal selector. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) Apparatus as in claim 12, wherein said nonhomogeneity detector and said auxiliary signal selector cooperate to separate said plurality of signals into said first group and said second group. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) Apparatus as in claim 12, wherein said auxiliary signal selector determines membership in said first and said second groups based on first derivatives of said plurality of signals arranged in order after processing by said nonhomogeneity detector. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) Apparatus in claim 12, wherein said auxiliary signal selector determines membership in said first and said second groups based on a mean of said plurality of signals, arranged in order after processing by said nonhomogeneity detector, and a chosen interval about said mean. ### Claim 16 (depends on 7) Apparatus as in claim 7, wherein each of said means for computing and said means for applying includes a digital signal processor. ### Claim 17 Apparatus for dividing a plurality of multidimensional signals into at least two groups based on covariance of said signals, wherein said covariance is among all members of said plurality of signals. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) Apparatus as in claim 17, wherein said covariance includes amplitude and phase information. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) Apparatus as in claim 17, wherein said plurality represents an image. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) Apparatus as in claim 17, wherein said apparatus includes a covariance detector. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) Apparatus as in claim 20, wherein said covariance detector cooperates with a selection device that divides said plurality into at least two groups.