# US 5,706,006 A · Operational amplifier incorporating current matrix type digital-to-analog converter > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,706,006 A - Document ID: US5706006A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/636,189 - Filed: 1996-04-22 - Granted: 1998-01-06 - Earliest claimed: 1995-04-21 - Assignees: NEC Corporation - Inventors: Shigeo Hattori - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5706006A ## CPC - H03M 1/002: {Provisions or arrangements for saving power, e.g. by allowing a sleep mode, using lower supply voltage for downstream stages, using multiple clock domains or by selectively turning on stages when needed} - H03M 1/685: {the quantisation value generators of both converters being arranged in a common two-dimensional array} - H03M 1/747: {with equal currents which are switched by unary decoded digital signals} - H03M: CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL (using fluidic means F15C4/00; optical analogue/digital converters G02F7/00; coding, decoding or code conversion, specially adapted for particular applications, see the relevant subclasses, e.g. G01D, G01R, G06F, G06T, G09G, G10L, G11B, G11C, H04B, H04L, H04M, H04N; ciphering or deciphering for cryptography or other purposes involving the need for secrecy G09C) ## Abstract In a digital-to-analog converter including a plurality of constant current sources, a plurality of first current switch elements connected between the constant sources and a first output terminal, and a plurality of second current switch elements connected between the constant current sources and a second output terminal, a reference voltage of the constant current sources is generated by an operational amplifier. The operational amplifier is disabled in response to a current control signal to turn OFF all the constant current sources. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A digital-to-analog converter comprising: first and second power supply terminals; first and second output terminals; a plurality of constant current sources connected to said first power supply terminal; a plurality of first current switching elements, each connected between one of said constant current sources and said first output terminal; a plurality of second current switching elements, each connected between one of said constant current sources and said second output terminal; means for supplying a plurality of first signals to said first current switching elements; means for supplying a plurality of second signals to said second current switching elements; an operational amplifier for generating a first reference voltage and applying it to said constant current sources; means for providing a second reference voltage to a first input of said operational amplifier; feedback means for providing a feedback voltage of an output of said operational amplifier to a second input of said operational amplifier; and means for disabling said operational amplifier in response to a current control signal to turn OFF all said constant current sources. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The digital-to-analog converter as set forth in claim 1, wherein said operational amplifier comprises: a reference voltage generating circuit, connected between said first and second power supply terminals, for generating an output voltage between voltages at said first and second power supply terminals, said reference voltage generating circuit including a first switch for cutting OFF a current path within said reference voltage generating circuit in response to said current control signal and a second switch connected between said first power supply terminal and an output of said reference voltage generating circuit and operated in response to said current control signal; a differential amplifier circuit, connected between said first and second power supply terminals, for amplifying a difference between said reference voltage and the feedback voltage of said feedback means to generate an output voltage, said differential amplifier circuit being operated in response to the output voltage of said reference voltage generating circuit; and an output circuit, connected between said first and second power supply terminals, for amplifying the output voltage of said differential amplifier circuit in response to the output voltage of said differential amplifier circuit, to generate said first reference voltage. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The digital-to-analog converter as set forth in claim 2, wherein said output circuit includes a third switch connected between said first power supply terminal and an output of said output circuit, said third switch being operated in response to said current control signal. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The D/A converter as set forth in claim 1, wherein said operational amplifier comprises a reference voltage generating circuit, a differential amplifier circuit and an output circuit, said reference voltage generating circuit comprising: a first transistor of a first conductivity type having a source connected to said first power supply terminal and a gate connected to a drain of said first transistor; a second transistor of a second conductivity type opposite to said first conductivity type having a source connected to said second power supply terminal and a gate connected to a drain of said second transistor; a third transistor of said second conductivity type connected between the drains of said first and second transistors, said third transistor having a gate controlled by an inverted signal of said current control signal; and a fourth transistor of said first conductivity type connected between said first power supply terminal and the drain of said first transistor, a gate of said fourth transistor being controlled by the inverted signal of said current control signal, said differential amplifier circuit comprising: a fifth transistor of said first conductivity type having a source connected to said first power supply terminal, a gate connected to the drain of said first transistor and a drain; a sixth transistor of said first conductivity type having a source connected to the drain of said fifth transistor, a gate for receiving said second reference voltage, and a drain; a seventh transistor of said first conductivity type having a source connected to the drain of said fifth transistor, a gate for receiving said second feedback voltage, and a drain; an eighth transistor of said second conductivity type having a source connected to said second power supply terminal, a drain connected to the drain of said sixth transistor, and a gate connected to the drain of said eighth transistor; and a ninth transistor of said second conductivity type having a source connected to said second power supply terminal, a drain connected to the drain of said seventh transistor, and a gate connected to the drain of said eighth transistor, said output circuit comprising: a tenth transistor of said first conductivity type having a source connected to said first power supply terminal, a gate connected to the drain of said first transistor and a drain for generating said first reference voltage; an eleventh transistor of said second conductivity type having a source connected to said second power supply terminal, a gate connected to the drain of said ninth transistor, and a drain connected to the drain of said tenth transistor; a twelfth transistor of said first conductivity type connected between said first power supply terminal and the drain of said tenth transistor, a gate of said twelfth transistor being controlled by the inverted signal of said current control signal; and a thirteenth transistor connected between said second power supply terminal and the gate of said eleventh transistor, a gate of said thirteenth transistor being controlled by said current control signal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The digital-to-analog converter as set forth in claim 1, wherein said first and second signal supplying means comprise a decoder for decoding binary data signals. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The digital-to-analog converter as set forth in claim 5, wherein said first and second signal supplying means further comprise OR circuits connected to inputs of said decoder, each of said OR circuits receiving one of said binary data signals and said current control signal. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The digital-to-analog converter as set forth in claim 1, wherein each of said constant current sources comprises a transistor of a first conductivity type, and each of said first and second current switching elements comprises a transistor of said second conductivity type. ### Claim 8 A digital-to-analog converter comprising: first and second power supply terminals; first and second output terminals; a plurality of constant current sources connected to said first power supply terminal; a plurality of first current switching elements, each connected between one of said constant current sources and said first output terminal; a plurality of second current switching elements, each connected between one of said constant current sources and said second output terminal; means for supplying a plurality of input signals to said first current switching elements; means for supplying a plurality of second signals to said second current switching elements; a voltage divider, connected between said first and second power supply terminals, for supplying a definite voltage to said second current switching elements; a switching means, included in said voltage divider, for cutting OFF a current path between said first and second power supply terminals within said voltage divider in response to a current control signal; an operational amplifier for generating a first reference voltage and applying it to said constant current sources; means for providing a second reference voltage to a first input of said operational amplifier; feedback means for providing a feedback voltage of an output of said operational amplifier to a second input of said operational amplifier; and means for disabling said operational amplifier in response to said current control signal to turn OFF all said constant current sources. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The digital-to-analog converter as set forth in claim 8, wherein said operational amplifier comprises: a reference voltage generating circuit, connected between said first and second power supply terminals, for generating an output voltage between voltages at said first and second power supply terminals, said reference voltage generating circuit including a first switch for cutting OFF a current path within said reference voltage generating circuit in response to said current control signal and a second switch connected between said first power supply terminal and an output of said reference voltage generating circuit and operated in response to said current control signal; a differential amplifier circuit, connected between said first and second power supply terminals, for amplifying a difference between said reference voltage and the feedback voltage of said feedback means to generate an output voltage, said differential amplifier circuit being operated in response to the output voltage of said reference voltage generating circuit; and an output circuit, connected between said first and second power supply terminals, for amplifying the output voltage of said differential amplifier circuit in response to the output voltage of said differential amplifier circuit, to generate said first reference voltage. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The digital-to-analog converter as set forth in claim 9, wherein said output circuit includes a third switch connected between said first power supply terminal and an output of said output circuit, said third switch being operated in response to said current control signal. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The D/A converter as set forth in claim 8, wherein said operational amplifier comprises a reference voltage generating circuit, a differential amplifier circuit and an output circuit, said reference voltage generating circuit comprising: a first transistor of a first conductivity type having a source connected to said first power supply terminal and a gate connected to a drain of said first transistor; a second transistor of a second conductivity type opposite to said first conductivity type having a source connected to said second power supply terminal and a gate connected to a drain of said second transistor; a third transistor of said second conductivity type connected between the drains of said first and second transistors, said third transistor having a gate controlled by an inverted signal of said current control signal; and a fourth transistor of said first conductivity type connected between said first power supply terminal and the drain of said first transistor, a gate of said fourth transistor being controlled by the inverted signal of said current control signal, said differential amplifier circuit comprising: a fifth transistor of said first conductivity type having a source connected to said first power supply terminal, a gate connected to the drain of said first transistor and a drain; a sixth transistor of said first conductivity type having a source connected to the drain of said fifth transistor, a gate for receiving said second reference voltage, and a drain; a seventh transistor of said first conductivity type having a source connected to the drain of said fifth transistor, a gate for receiving said second feedback voltage, and a drain; an eighth transistor of said second conductivity type having a source connected to said second power supply terminal, a drain connected to the drain of said sixth transistor, and a gate connected to the drain of said eighth transistor; and a ninth transistor of said second conductivity type having a source connected to said second power supply terminal, a drain connected to the drain of said seventh transistor, and a gate connected to the drain of said eighth transistor, said output circuit comprising: a tenth transistor of said first conductivity type having a source connected to said first power supply terminal, a gate connected to the drain of said first transistor and a drain for generating said first reference voltage; an eleventh transistor of said second conductivity type having a source connected to said second power supply terminal, a gate connected to the drain of said ninth, and a drain connected to the drain of said tenth transistor; a twelfth transistor of said first conductivity type connected between said first power supply terminal and the drain of said tenth transistor, a gate of said twelfth transistor being controlled by the inverted signal of said current control signal; and a thirteenth transistor connected between said second power supply terminal and the gate of said eleventh transistor, a gate of said thirteenth transistor being controlled by said current control signal. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The digital-to-analog converter as set forth in claim 8, wherein said first signal supplying means comprises a decoder for decoding binary data signals. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The digital-to-analog converter as set forth in claim 12, wherein said signal supplying means further comprises OR circuits connected to inputs of said decoder, each of said OR circuits receiving one of said binary data signals and said current control signal. ### Claim 14 (depends on 8) The digital-to-analog converter as set forth in claim 8, wherein each of said constant current sources comprises a transistor of a first conductivity type, and each of said first and second current switching elements comprises a transistor of said second conductivity type.