# US 5,705,307 A · Method of developing electrostatic images > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,705,307 A - Document ID: US5705307A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/655,585 - Filed: 1996-05-30 - Granted: 1998-01-06 - Earliest claimed: 1996-05-30 - Assignees: Eastman Kodak Company - Inventors: Dinesh Tyagi; Dennis E. Demeyer; James H. Anderson - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5705307A ## CPC - G03G 13/09: using magnetic brush - G03G 9/08: with toner particles - G03G 9/10: characterised by carrier particles - G03G 2215/0607: two-component - G03G: ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY ## Abstract A method of developing electrostatic images with a two component developer avoids the break-in period of developer by providing a fresh mixture of carrier and toner, which toner has a first particle size but replenishes the mixture in use with toner having a second particle size larger than the first particle size. This compensates for the tendency of electrostatic images to preferentially attract the larger particles in a toner mixture. ## Claims ### Claim 1 In a method of developing electrostatic images which includes: providing a fresh mixture of magnetic carrier and toner which toner has a first particle size distribution having a volume weighted mean and the carrier having a coercivity of at least 300 gauss and being coated with an insulative coating, applying toner to the electrostatic images from the mixture as the carrier flips and moves throughh a development zone, the step of applying the toner having a tendency to prefer the application of larger particles of toner over smaller particles from the mixture to the images, thereby reducing the mean particle size of the toner in the mixture, and replenishing the toner used in the method by supplying replenishment toner to the mixture, the improvement comprising replenishing the toner by adding toner having a particle size distribution comparable to that of the toner removed in the toner applying step and having a volume weighted mean larger than the volume weighted mean of the first particle size distribution, to stabilize the particle size distribution of the toner in the mixture at the first particle size distribution. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1 wherein the volume weighted mean particle size of the replenishment toner is between 0.3 and 1.2 microns larger than the mean particle size of the toner in the fresh mixture. ### Claim 3 A method of developing electrostatic images comprising: providing a fresh mixture of carrier and toner which toner has a first particle size distribution having a first volume weighted mean, applying toner to the electrostatic images from the mixture, and replenishing the toner used in the method with toner having a second volume weighted mean between 0.3 and 1.2 microns larger than the first volume weighted mean. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method according to claim 3 wherein the carrier is coated with insulative coating and has a coercivity of at least 300 gauss. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method according to claim 4 wherein in the step of applying the carrier flips and moves through a development zone. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method according to claim 5 wherein the carrier is coated with an insulative resin. ### Claim 7 (depends on 3) The method according to claim 3 wherein the carrier has a coercivity of about 2000 gauss. ### Claim 8 (depends on 2) The method according to claim 2 wherein the insulative coating is a resin. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method according to claim 1 wherein the carrier has a coercivity of about 2000 gauss. ### Claim 10 In a method of depositing a toner onto a member which includes: providing a mixture of magnetic carrier and toner which toner has a first particle size distribution having a volume weighted mean and the carrier having a coercivity of at least 300 gauss and being coated with an insulative coating, applying toner to the member from the mixture as the carrier flips and moves through a development zone, the step of applying the toner having a tendency to prefer the application of larger particles of toner over smaller particles from the mixture to the member, thereby reducing the mean particle size of the toner in the mixture, and replenishing the toner used in the method by supplying replenishment toner to the mixture, the improvement comprising replenishing the toner by adding toner having a particle size distribution comparable to that of the toner removed in the toner applying step and having a volume weighted mean larger than the volume weighted mean of the first particle size distribution, to stabilize the particle size distribution of the toner in the mixture at the first particle size distribution. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10 wherein the first particle size distribution is of a fresh mixture of the magnetic carrier and toner. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11 wherein the volume weighted mean particle size of the replenishment toner is between 0.3 and 1.2 microns larger than the mean particle size of the toner in the fresh mixture. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12 wherein the carrier has a coercivity of about 2000 gauss. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13 wherein the carrier exhibits an induced magnetic moment of at least 20 EMU/gm when in an applied field of 1000 gauss. ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10 wherein the carrier exhibits an induced magnetic moment of at least 20 EMU/gm when in an applied field of 1000 gauss. ### Claim 16 (depends on 12) For use in the method of claim 12 a replenishment toner for addition to a mixture of magnetic carrier and toner wherein the toner in the mixture has a first particle size distribution having a first volume weighted mean, the replenishment toner having a particle size distribution comparable to that of the toner removed in the toner applying step and having a second volume weighted mean larger than the first volume weighted mean and the second volume weighted mean is between 0.3 and 1.2 microns larger than the first volume weighted mean.