# US 5,704,960 A · Method of forming an optical fiber for reduced polarization effects in amplifiers

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- Number: US 5,704,960 A
- Document ID: US5704960A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 08/575,495
- Filed: 1995-12-20
- Granted: 1998-01-06
- Earliest claimed: 1995-12-20
- Assignees: Corning Incorporated
- Inventors: Alan F. Evans; Daniel A. Nolan
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5704960A

## CPC

- G02B 6/105: {having optical polarisation effects}
- C03B 37/027: Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, {e.g. glass optical fibres}(C03B37/0253, C03B37/028 take precedence)
- C03B 37/02745: {Fibres having rotational spin around the central longitudinal axis, e.g. alternating +/- spin to reduce polarisation mode dispersion}
- C03B 37/03: Drawing means, e.g. drawing drums {; Traction or tensioning devices}
- C03B 37/032: {for glass optical fibres}
- C03C 25/106: Single coatings
- H01S 3/06708: {Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering (optical fibres as passive waveguides G02B6/02)}
- C03B 2201/34: doped with rare earth metals, i.e. with Sc, Y or lanthanides, e.g. for laser-amplifiers
- C03B 2203/24: Single mode [SM or monomode]
- C03B 2203/36: Dispersion modified fibres, e.g. wavelength or polarisation shifted, flattened or compensating fibres (DSF, DFF, DCF)
- C03B 2205/06: Rotating the fibre fibre about its longitudinal axis
- G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- C03B: MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03C: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- H01S: DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL

## Abstract

A single mode optical fiber suitable for use in an amplified fiber optic system which includes an inner glass core doped with a rare earth element and an outer transparent glass cladding. The fiber exhibits a plurality of mode coupling sites formed at regular intervals along the length of the fiber which provides for a reduced DOP. The sites are formed by a twist at regular intervals along the fiber length by applying a torque to the fiber. The method of forming the fiber is also disclosed.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of forming a single mode optical fiber suitable for use in an amplified fiber optic system which comprises:
(a) providing a preform having a rare earth doped inner glass core surrounded by a transparent outer glass cladding;
(b) drawing a fiber from said preform in a conventional manner;
(c) the improvement comprising imparting a plurality of twists at regular intervals of about 1/2 meter or less along the length of the fiber whereby a plurality of mode coupling sites are formed which provide for a reduced PHB, PDG and DOP.

### Claim 2

A method of forming an optical fiber suitable for use in an amplified fiber optic system which comprises:
(a) providing a preform having an inner glass core doped with a rare earth element said core being surrounded by a transparent outer glass cladding;
(b) drawing a fiber from said preform in a conventional manner;
(c) the improvement comprising imparting a plurality of twists at regular intervals of about 1/2 meter or less along the length of the fiber whereby a plurality of mode coupling sites are formed which provide for a reduced polarization hole burning, polarization dependent gain and degree of polarization (PHB, PDG and DOP).

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2 in which the preform is provided with a finite degree of ellipticity.

### Claim 4

A method of making an optical fiber comprising
(a) providing an optical fiber preform having an inner glass core doped with a rare earth element, and an outer transparent glass cladding;
(b) heating at least a portion of said preform; and
(c) drawing optical fiber from the heated preform such that a spin is impressed on the fiber; wherein
(d) step c) comprises applying a torque to the fiber, said torque causing the fiber to undergo rotation around the longitudinal area of the fiber, such that the spin is impressed on the fiber as it is drawn from the preform, wherein the torque is applied in order to induce mode coupling, and wherein the spin profile is a superposition of two sinusolds, and whereby said mode coupling provides for a reduced PHB, PDG and DOP.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

Method according to claim 4 wherein the torque is alternately applied in clockwise and counterclockwise direction, such that the spin impressed on the fiber is alternately clockwise and counterclockwise.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

Method according to claim 5, wherein step c) comprises coating the fiber with a polymer coating and causing the coated fiber to contact a guide roller, wherein the alternating torque is applied by means of said guide roller.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

Method according to claim 6, wherein applying the torque by means of the guide roller comprises causing the guide roller to oscillate about an axis that is substantially normal to a fiber draw direction.