# US 5,704,000 A · Robust pitch estimation method and device for telephone speech > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,704,000 A - Document ID: US5704000A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/337,595 - Filed: 1994-11-10 - Granted: 1997-12-30 - Earliest claimed: 1994-11-10 - Assignees: Hughes Electronics Corporation - Inventors: Kumar Swaminathan; Murthy Vemuganti - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5704000A ## CPC - G10L 25/90: Pitch determination of speech signals - G10L: SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING ## Abstract A pitch estimating method includes the steps of (1) determining a set of pitch candidates to estimate a pitch of a digitized speech signal at each of a plurality of time instants, wherein series of these time instants define segments of the digitized speech signal; (2) constructing a pitch contour using a pitch candidate selected from each of the sets of pitch candidates determined in the first step; and (3) selecting a representative pitch estimate for the digitized speech signal segment from the set of pitch candidates comprising the pitch contour. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of estimating the pitch of a digitized speech signal comprising the steps of: determining a set of pitch candidates to estimate the pitch of the digitized speech signal at each of a plurality of time instants, wherein series of the time instants define segments of the digitized speech signal; constructing a pitch contour for the digitized speech signal segments using a selected pitch candidate from each of the sets of pitch candidates; selecting a representative pitch estimate for each of the digitized speech signal segments from the selected pitch candidates constituting the pitch contour by calculating a distance metric value for each pair of selected pitch candidates. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of pitch estimation according to claim 1 wherein the time instants are defined at 7.5 msec intervals. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of pitch estimation according to claim 1, wherein the digitized speech signal segments have a duration of 22.5 msec. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of pitch estimation according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the set of pitch candidates comprises use of linear prediction analysis to determine filter coefficients to approximate the digitized speech signal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of pitch estimation according to claim 4, wherein the step of determining the set of pitch candidates includes inverse filtering the digitized speech signal using the filter coefficients, and autocorrelating the inverse filtered digitized speech signal. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of pitch estimation according to claim 1, wherein the step of constructing the pitch contour comprises determining, as the selected pitch candidate from each of the pitch candidate sets, the pitch candidate having a minimum path metric distortion value. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of pitch estimation according to claim 1, wherein the step of selecting the representative pitch estimate for each of the digitized speech signal segments comprises selecting, as the representative pitch estimate, the selected pitch candidate having a maximum number of distance metric values falling below a predetermined threshold. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of pitch estimation according to claim 7 further comprising the step of generating an error signal if the maximum number of distance metric values falling below the predetermined threshold for the selected representative pitch estimate does not exceed a predetermined minimum acceptable value. ### Claim 9 A pitch estimator for speech signals comprising: a clock for measuring a series of time instants; a sampler coupled to the clock for receiving the speech signals and generating a series of digitized speech segments corresponding to the series of time instants received from the clock; a register for producing a plurality of different pitch candidates; a pitch candidate determinator coupled to the sampler for receiving the series of digitized speech segments and coupled to the register for selecting a plurality of pitch candidates from the register to approximate pitch values for the digitized speech segments; a pitch contour estimator coupled to the pitch candidate determinator for constructing a pitch contour from the pitch candidates selected by the pitch candidate determinator; a pitch estimate selector coupled to the pitch contour estimator for selecting a pitch estimate from the pitch contour by calculating a distance metric value for each pair of pitch candidates. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The pitch estimator according to claim 9, wherein the time instants are defined at 7.5 msec intervals. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The pitch estimator according to claim 9, wherein the digitized speech segments have a duration of 22.5 msec. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) The pitch estimator according to claim 9, wherein the pitch candidate determinator uses linear prediction analysis of the digitized speech segments to determine filter coefficients to approximate the speech signals. ### Claim 13 (depends on 9) The pitch estimator according to claim 9, wherein the pitch contour estimator calculates a path metric value measuring distortion for a pitch trajectory of the digitized speech segments for each of the pitch candidates selected by the pitch candidate determinator, and selects the pitch candidates corresponding to the minimum path metric distortion values. ### Claim 14 (depends on 9) The pitch estimator according to claim 9, wherein the pitch estimate selector selects, as the pitch estimate, the pitch candidate from the pitch contour having a maximum number of distance metric values falling below a predetermined threshold. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The pitch estimator according to claim 14, wherein the pitch estimate selector generates an error signal if the maximum number of distance metric values falling below the predetermined threshold for the selected pitch estimate does not exceed a predetermined minimum acceptable value.