# US 5,703,916 A · Apparatus and method for loosening a stuck reactor vessel stud

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- Number: US 5,703,916 A
- Document ID: US5703916A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 08/566,033
- Filed: 1995-12-01
- Granted: 1997-12-30
- Earliest claimed: 1995-12-01
- Assignees: Westinghouse Electric Corp.
- Inventors: John J. Wilhelm; Herman Schemberger
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5703916A

## CPC

- B23P 19/067: {Bolt tensioners (for hand tools B25B29/02)}
- B25B 27/14: for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same
- B25B 29/00: Accessories (specially for spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers B25B23/00; tool boxes, tool positioning stands B25H)
- G21C 13/06: Sealing-plugs (for pressure vessels in general F16J13/00)
- Y02E 30/30: Nuclear fission reactors
- Y10S 29/046: Vibration
- B23P: METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS (arrangements for copying or controlling B23Q)
- B25B: TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING
- G21C: NUCLEAR REACTORS (fusion reactors, hybrid fission-fusion reactors G21B; nuclear explosives G21J)
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y10S: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS

## Abstract

Apparatus and method for loosening a stuck reactor pressure vessel stud. A nuclear reactor pressure vessel has a threaded blind bore therein receiving an upright threaded stud having a centrally disposed passage longitudinally therethrough. A pulsar pump is in communication with the passage for supplying a pulsating liquid into the passage and thence into the bore. As the fluid exits the passage, it will push against the bottom of the bore and exert an upwardly directed hydraulic force against the end of the stud for upwardly lifting the stud. A controller is connected to the pulsar pump for controllably operating the pulsar pump. As the hydraulic force of the pulsating fluid lifts the stud, the fluid will migrate between the threads of the stud and the bore for peening or removing any debris from therebetween and washing it upwardly between the stud and bore to a suction pump in communication with the bore. The suction pump suctions the debris-containing liquid from the bore. The apparatus includes a rotation tool connected to the stud for rotating the stud as the liquid is pulsed in order to enhance removal of the debris from the threads. Removal of the debris allows the stud to rotate with reduced resistance to rotation and with the normal amount of torque applied thereto.

## Claims

### Claim 1

For use in association with a nuclear vessel having a thread bore therein and a threaded stud threadably engaging the bore, the stud resisting rotation thereof, an apparatus for reducing the resistance of the stud to rotation, comprising:
(a) stud vibration means in communication with the stud for vibrating the stud, including fluid pulsating supply means for supplying a pulsating fluid into the bore to vibrate the stud;
(b) support means connected to said stud vibration means for supporting said stud vibration means.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said fluid pulsating supply means comprises a fluid supply pulsar pump.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said fluid supply pulsar pump pulses the fluid at a frequency of between approximately one and ten pulses per second.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising fluid suction means in communication with the bore for suctioning the fluid from the bore.

### Claim 5

For use in association with a nuclear vessel having a threaded bore therein and a threaded stud threadably engaging the bore, the stud resisting rotation thereof, an apparatus for reducing the resistance of the stud to rotation, comprising:
(a) stud vibration means in communication with the stud for vibrating the stud, whereby the stud is capable of being rotated with reduced resistance to rotating after the stud is vibrated, said stud vibration means including liquid pulsating supply means for supplying a pulsating liquid into the bore; and
(b) support means connected to said liquid pulsating supply means for supporting said liquid pulsating supply means.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The apparatus of claim 5, wherein said liquid pulsating supply means comprises a liquid supply pulsar pump.

### Claim 7

The apparatus of clam 6, wherein said liquid supply pulsar pump pulses the liquid at a frequency of between approximately one and ten pulses per second.

### Claim 8 (depends on 5)

The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising liquid suction means in communication with the bore for suctioning the liquid from the bore.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The apparatus of claim 8, wherein said liquid suction means comprises:
(a) a liquid collection reservoir defining a chamber therein in communication with the bore for collecting the liquid suctioned from the bore; and
(b) a suction pump in communication with the chamber for generating suction in the chamber, so that the liquid is suctioned from the bore and into the chamber.

### Claim 10 (depends on 5)

The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising liquid supply reservoir means connected to said liquid pulsating supply means for supplying the liquid to said liquid pulsating supply means.

### Claim 11 (depends on 5)

The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising control means connected to said liquid pulsating supply means for controllably operating said liquid pulsating supply means.

### Claim 12 (depends on 5)

The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising rotating means connected to the stud for rotating the stud.

### Claim 13

For use in association with a nuclear reactor pressure vessel having a vertically-oriented blind bore therein having first threads and defining a cavity at a proximal end of the bore, the bore receiving an upright elongate stud having second threads threadably engaging the first threads and having a proximal end thereof disposed adjacent the cavity, the stud having a predetermined weight and a centrally disposed passage longitudinally therethrough in communication with the cavity, an apparatus for reducing the resistance of the stud to rotation, comprising:
(a) liquid pulsating supply means in communication with the passage for supplying a pulsating liquid into the passage and to the cavity, said liquid pulsating supply means including a liquid supply pulsar pump capable of pulsing the liquid;
(b) a support platform connected to said pump for supporting said pump;
(c) liquid suction means in communication with the bore for suctioning the liquid from the bore, said suction means including:
(i) a torus-shaped liquid collection reservoir defining a chamber therein in communication with the bore for collecting the liquid suctioned from the bore; and
(ii) a suction pump in communication with the chamber for generating suction in the chamber, so that the liquid is suctioned from the bore and into the chamber;
(d) a liquid supply reservoir connected to said liquid supply pulsar pump for supplying the liquid to said liquid supply pulsar pump; and
(e) a controller connected to said liquid supply pulsar pump for controllably operating said liquid supply pulsar pump, whereby the liquid in the passage and the cavity is pulsed as the controller controllably operates the pump, whereby intermittent hydraulic force acts against the proximal end of the stud as the liquid in the cavity is pulsed, whereby the stud is lifted a predetermined distance in the bore as the hydraulic force acts against the proximal end of the stud, whereby the weight of the stud on the first threads is reduced and the liquid migrates between the first threads and the second threads as the stud is lifted, whereby the debris residing between the first threads and the second threads loosens as the liquid migrates between the first threads and the second threads, and whereby the stud is capable of being rotated with reduced resistance to rotation as the debris loosens and as the weight of the stud on the first threads is reduced.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising a rotation tool connected to the stud for rotating the stud as said pump pulses the liquid.

### Claim 15 (depends on 13)

The apparatus of claim 13, wherein said pump pulses the liquid at a frequency of between approximately one and ten pulses per second.

### Claim 16

For use in association with a nuclear vessel having a threaded bore therein and a threaded stud threadably engaging the bore, the stud resisting rotation thereof, a method of reducing the resistance of the stud to rotation, comprising the step of vibrating the stud by supplying a pulsating fluid into the bore.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, wherein said step of supplying a pulsating fluid into the bore comprises the step of pulsating the fluid at a frequency of between approximately one and ten pulses per second.

### Claim 18 (depends on 16)

The method of claim 16, further comprising the step of suctioning the fluid from the bore.

### Claim 19

For use in association with a nuclear reactor pressure vessel having a vertically-oriented blind bore therein having first threads and defining a cavity at a proximal end of the bore, the bore receiving an upright elongate stud having second threads threadably engaging the first threads and having a proximal end thereof disposed adjacent the cavity, the first threads and the second threads having debris residing therebetween resisting rotation of the stud in the bore, the stud having a predetermined weight and a centrally disposed passage longitudinally therethrough in communication with the cavity, a method of reducing the resistance of the stud to rotation, comprising the step of lifting the weight of the second threads of the stud from the first threads of the bore by supplying a pulsating liquid into the passage and to the cavity, the liquid exerting an upwardly-directed hydraulic force against the proximal end of the stud lifting the stud as the liquid is pulsated, the liquid migrating between the first threads and the second threads to loosen the debris as the stud is lifted, so that the stud is capable of being rotated with reduced resistance to rotation as the stud is lifted and as the debris loosens.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19, further comprising the step of suctioning the liquid for the bore by operating a suction pump in communication with the bore.

### Claim 21 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19, further comprising the step of controllably operating the pump by operating a controller connected to the pump.

### Claim 22 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19, further comprising the step of rotating the stud as the debris loosens.

### Claim 23 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19, wherein said step of lifting the stud comprises the step of pulsing the liquid at a frequency of between one and ten pulses per second.