# US 5,703,767 A · Apparatus and method to prevent saturation of interphase transformers > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,703,767 A - Document ID: US5703767A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/631,185 - Filed: 1996-04-12 - Granted: 1997-12-30 - Earliest claimed: 1996-04-12 - Assignees: Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. - Inventors: Eric J. Stacey - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5703767A ## CPC - H02M 7/49: Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters - H02M 1/40: Means for preventing magnetic saturation - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) ## Abstract The saturation of interphase transformers connected to an inverter is prevented through the use of an inverter switch firing control circuit. The inverter switch firing control circuit includes a control module to execute a standard switch firing scheme to produce a set of inverter pole output signals including a first inverter pole output signal and a second inverter pole output signal, with the first inverter pole output signal having a predetermined phase displacement from the second inverter pole output signal. The circuit also includes a control module to execute a system transient switch firing scheme wherein the inverter reduces the predetermined phase displacement between the first inverter pole output signal and the second inverter pole output signal in the presence of a system transient. This reduction in phase displacement between inverter pole output signals prevents saturation of interphase transformers. Thus, the size, cost, and weight of interphase transformers may be substantially reduced. ## Claims ### Claim 1 In a power circuit of the type including a set of interphase transformers and an inverter connected to said set of interphase transformers, said inverter generating a set of inverter pole output signals that are applied to said set of interphase transformers, said set of inverter pole output signals including a first inverter pole output signal and a second inverter pole output signal, said first inverter pole output signal having a predetermined phase displacement from said second inverter pole output signal, the improvement comprising: a control circuit to identify a system transient, to regulate said inverter such that said inverter reduces said predetermined phase displacement between said first inverter pole output signal and said second inverter pole output signal in response to said system transient, and to restore said predetermined phase displacement between said first inverter pole output signal and said second inverter pole output signal after said system transient. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said control circuit regulates said inverter to reduce the predetermined phase displacements between a plurality of said inverter pole output signals. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said control circuit identifies system start-up conditions indicative of said system transient. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2 further comprising a main transformer connected to said interphase transformers to receive the output from said interphase transformers; a load connected to said main transformer to receive the output from said main transformer; and a transducer connected to said load and said control circuit, said transducer selectively generating a system disturbance signal indicative of said system transient. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said set of interphase transformers includes a set of zig-zag interphase transformers connected between said inverter and said main transformer, each zig-zag interphase transformer including at least three modular transformers, a primary of a first modular transformer including a first primary node connected to said main transformer and a second primary node connected to a secondary of another modular transformer, a secondary of said modular transformer with a first secondary node connected to said inverter and a second secondary node connected to a primary of another modular transformer, such that each zig-zag interphase transformer of said set of zig-zag interphase transformers receives at least three inverter pole output signals and generates an average output voltage therefrom for application to said main transformer. ### Claim 6 A power circuit, comprising: an inverter generating a set of inverter pole output signals; a set of interphase transformers connected to said inverter, said set of interphase transformers receiving said set of inverter pole output signals and producing a set of combined inverter pole output signals; a main transformer connected to said set of interphase transformers, said main transformer receiving said combined inverter pole output signals and producing load output signals; and a switch firing control circuit including: a module to execute a standard switch firing scheme to produce a set of inverter pole output signals including a first inverter pole output signal and a second inverter pole output signal, said first inverter pole output signal having a predetermined phase displacement from said second inverter pole output signal, a module to identify a system transient, and a module to execute a system transient switch firing scheme such that said inverter reduces said predetermined phase displacement between said first inverter pole output signal and said second inverter pole output signal in the presence of said system transient and restores said predetermined phase displacement between said first inverter pole output signal and said second inverter pole output signal after said system transient. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said switch firing control circuit regulates said inverter to reduce the predetermined phase displacements between a plurality of said inverter pole output signals. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said switch firing control circuit identifies system start-up conditions indicative of said system transient. ### Claim 9 (depends on 6) The apparatus of claim 6 further comprising a load connected to said main transformer to receive said load output signals; and a transducer connected to said load and said control circuit, said transducer selectively generating a system disturbance signal indicative of said system transient. ### Claim 10 (depends on 6) The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said set of interphase transformers includes a set of zig-zag interphase transformers connected between said inverter and said main transformer, each zig-zag interphase transformer including at least three modular transformers, a primary of a first modular transformer including a first primary node connected to said main transformer and a second primary node connected to a secondary of another modular transformer, a secondary of said modular transformer with a first secondary node connected to said inverter and a second secondary node connected to a primary of another modular transformer, such that each zig-zag interphase transformer of said set of zig-zag interphase transformers receives at least three inverter pole output signals and generates an average output voltage therefrom for application to said main transformer. ### Claim 11 A method of operating a voltage sourced inverter, said method comprising the steps of: generating a set of inverter pole output signals for application to a set of interphase transformers, said set of inverter pole output signals including a first inverter pole output signal and a second inverter pole output signal, said first inverter pole output signal having a predetermined phase displacement from said second inverter pole output signal; identifying a system transient; reducing said predetermined phase displacement between said first inverter pole output signal and said second inverter pole output signal in the presence of said system transient; and restoring said predetermined phase displacement between said first inverter pole output signal and said second inverter pole output signal when said system transient is completed. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11 wherein said reducing step includes the step of reducing the predetermined phase displacements between a plurality of said inverter pole output signals. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11 wherein said identifying step includes the step of identifying system start-up conditions indicative of said system transient. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11 wherein said identifying step includes the step of identifying a system disturbance indicative of said system transient.