# US 5,703,660 A · System and method for decoding a quadrature ampliture modulated signal

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- Number: US 5,703,660 A
- Document ID: US5703660A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 08/598,453
- Filed: 1996-02-08
- Granted: 1997-12-30
- Earliest claimed: 1996-02-08
- Assignees: Cirrus Logic, Inc.
- Inventors: Robert J. Hankinson; Otto Sponring
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5703660A

## CPC

- H04N 11/146: {Decoding means therefor (H04N11/16 takes precedence)}
- H04N 11/165: {Decoding means therefor (H04N11/167 takes precedence)}
- H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION

## Abstract

A video signal decoder using a sample clock tied to a frequency that is an integer multiple of four times the color subcarrier (4*Fsc). By using a 4*Fsc rate on a given input wave, the decoder determines the phase shift between the sample clock and the original wave being sampled. Then, the decoder calculates the color based upon that shift. Circuitry for implementing the decoder contains two major circuit paths. The decoding process consists of two main phases and each path performs a different function during each phase. During the first phase, the first path calculates constants based upon a user's hue and saturation adjustments used for chroma demodulation. Also during the first phase, the second path examines the color burst signal and from that signal finds the black level of the incoming video signal. During the second phase, the first path decodes the color in the TV signal using the constants calculated during the first phase. Also during the second phase, the second path pulls the luma information out of the signal line.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of decoding a phase and amplitude modulated signal having a reference burst, comprising the steps of:
during a first decoding phase:
calculating a plurality of constants by sampling the signal; and
determining a black level of the signal;
during a second decoding phase:
decoding color components from the signal by using the plurality of constants; and
extracting a brightness component from the signal by using the black level.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of constants comprise:
a hue axis rotation factor; and
a saturation axis rotation factor.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating step further comprises the steps of:
sampling the reference burst of a line to produce samples;
collecting phase information about the line from the samples; and
calculating the plurality of constants from the phase information.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The method of claim 3, wherein the sampling step further comprises the step of:
sampling the reference burst signal at a multiple of four times a frequency of a subcarrier.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of constants comprise:
a hue adjustment value; and
a saturation adjustment value.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the determining step further comprises the steps of:
sampling the reference burst to produce samples;
calculating a blank level from the samples; and
calculating the black level from the blank level.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6, wherein the sampling step further comprises the step of:
sampling the reference burst at a multiple of four times a frequency of a subcarrier.

### Claim 8 (depends on 6)

The method of claim 6, wherein the calculating a black level step comprises the step of:
adding a black constant to the blank level.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, wherein the black constant is ten.

### Claim 10 (depends on 8)

The method of claim 8, wherein the black constant is zero.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the decoding step comprises the step of:
demodulating a chroma value into a U component and a V component.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the extracting step comprises the steps of:
subtracting the black level from the signal to produce a modified signal; and
extracting a luma component from the modified signal.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of:
adding a brightness value to the luma component.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12, further comprising the step of:
multiplying the luma component; by a contrast value.

### Claim 15

A video signal decoder, comprising:
means for calculating a plurality of constants by sampling a video signal during a first decoding phase;
means for determining a black level of the video signal during the first decoding phase;
means for decoding color components from the video signal by using the plurality of constants during a second decoding phase; and
means for extracting a brightness component from the video signal by using the black level during the second decoding phase.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The video decoder of claim 15, wherein the plurality of constants comprise:
a hue axis rotation factor; and
a saturation axis rotation factor.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The video decoder of claim 15, wherein the calculating means comprises:
means for sampling a colorburst signal of a line to produce samples;
means for collecting phase information about the line from the samples; and
means for calculating the plurality of constants from the phase information.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The video decoder of claim 17, wherein the sampling means comprises:
means for sampling the colorburst signal at a multiple of four times a frequency of a color subcarrier.

### Claim 19 (depends on 15)

The video decoder of claim 15, wherein the plurality of constants comprises:
a hue adjustment value; and
a saturation adjustment value.

### Claim 20 (depends on 15)

The video decoder of claim 15, wherein the determining means comprises:
means for sampling a colorburst signal to produce samples;
means for calculating a blank level from the samples; and
means for calculating a black level from the blank level.

### Claim 21 (depends on 17)

The video decoder of claim 17, wherein the sampling means comprises:
means for sampling the colorburst signal at four times a frequency of a color subcarrier.

### Claim 22 (depends on 20)

The video decoder of claim 20, wherein the means for calculating a black level comprises:
means for adding a black constant to the blank level.

### Claim 23 (depends on 22)

The video decoder of claim 22, wherein the black constant is ten.

### Claim 24 (depends on 22)

The video decoder of claim 22, wherein the black constant is zero.

### Claim 25 (depends on 15)

The video decoder of claim 15, wherein the decoding means comprises:
means for demodulating a chroma value into a U component and a V component.

### Claim 26 (depends on 15)

The video decoder of claim 15, wherein the extracting means comprises:
means for subtracting the black level from the video signal to produce a modified video signal; and
means for extracting a luma component from the modified video signal.

### Claim 27 (depends on 26)

The video decoder of claim 26, further comprising:
means for adding a brightness value to the luma component.

### Claim 28 (depends on 26)

The video decoder of claim 26, further comprising:
means for multiplying the luma component by a contrast value.

### Claim 29

A method of decoding a phase and amplitude modulated signal having a reference burst, comprising the steps of:
during a first decoding phase:
calculating a plurality of constants by sampling the signal; and
determining a baseline level of the signal from the reference burst;
during a second decoding phase:
decoding a plurality of values from the signal by using the plurality of constants; and
extracting the average signal level pertaining to the plurality of values from the signal by using the baseline level.

### Claim 30 (depends on 29)

The method of claim 29, wherein the plurality of constants comprise:
an axis rotation factor of a first one of the plurality of values; and
an axis rotation factor of a second one of the plurality of values.

### Claim 31 (depends on 29)

The method of claim 29, wherein the calculating step further comprises the steps of:
sampling the reference burst of a line to produce samples;
collecting phase information about the line from the samples; and
calculating the plurality of constants from the phase information.

### Claim 32 (depends on 31)

The method of claim 31, wherein the sampling step further comprises the step of:
sampling the reference burst signal at a multiple of four times a frequency of a subcarrier.

### Claim 33 (depends on 29)

The method of claim 29, wherein the determining step further comprises the steps of:
sampling the reference burst to produce samples;
calculating a blank level from the samples; and
calculating the baseline level from the blank level.

### Claim 34 (depends on 33)

The method of claim 33, wherein the sampling step further comprises the step of:
sampling the reference burst at a multiple of four times a frequency of a subcarrier.

### Claim 35 (depends on 29)

The method of claim 29, wherein the baseline level is a black level and wherein the plurality of values are color components of the signal and wherein the average signal level is the brightness component of the signal.

### Claim 36 (depends on 30)

The method of claim 30, wherein the first value axis rotation factor is a hue axis rotation and wherein the second value axis rotation factor is a saturation axis rotation.

### Claim 37 (depends on 33)

The method of claim 33, wherein the calculating a baseline level step comprises the step of:
adding a black constant to the blank level.

### Claim 38 (depends on 37)

The method of claim 37, wherein the black constant is ten.

### Claim 39 (depends on 37)

The method of claim 37, wherein the black constant is zero.