Air controlling superplasticizers

An air controlling polymeric superplasticizer made by the process of

• providing a polycarboxylic acid backbone;
• grafting a polyoxyalkylene amine onto said polycarboxylic acid backbone via an amidization/imidization reaction;
• and
• grafting a polyoxyalkylene alcohol onto said polycarboxylic acid backbone via an esterification reaction.

An air controlling polymeric superplasticizer having the structural formula ##STR3## wherein each R.sup.1 independently represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group;

• A represents a mixture of Z and R.sup.2 ;
• Z represents hydrogen atom, monovalent or divalent metal cation, ammonium group or organic amine group;
• R.sup.2 represents an air detraining polyoxyalkylene group represented by (BO).sub.n R.sup.3 in which O represents an oxygen atom, B represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkylene group, R.sup.3 represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group and n represents an integer of from 1-200, or mixtures thereof;
• R.sup.6 represents a polyoxyalkylene group represented by (BO).sub.n R.sup.3 ;
• and a, b, c and d are numerical values representing molar percentage of the polymer's structure such that a is a value of about 1 to 99;
• the sum of c+d is a value of from 0 to the numerical value of (100-a);
• and b is a remainder value of ›100-(a +c+d)!.

An air controlling polymeric superplasticizer made by the process of

• combining a polycarboxylic acid backbone, a polyoxyalkylene amine, and a polyoxyalkylene alcohol to form a mixture thereof;
• heating said mixture to from 100.degree. C. to about 185.degree. C. for about 1 to 8 hours;
• adding a dehydrating agent to said mixture;
• and
• heating said mixture at 100.degree. C. to about 185.degree. C. for about 1 to 8 hours.

A cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement and an air controlling polymeric superplasticizer having a carbon backbone formed by polymerization of ethylenically-unsaturated carboxylic acids, wherein said backbone comprises carboxylic acid grafting sites to which are covalently attached

• a) air detraining functional side chains, wherein said air detraining functional side chains are first polyoxyalkylene groups of the general formula
• R.sub.4 --(OA.sup.2).sub.x --Q--
• wherein
• OA.sup.2 is a mixture of EO and PO groups wherein the weight ratio of EO to PO groups is from 3:1 to 0.3:1;
• Q=O or NH;
• A.sup.2 =C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkylene;
• x=1 to 200;
• and
• R.sup.4 =C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl, and
• b) second polyoxyalkylene groups of the general formula R.sup.5 --O--(A.sup.3 O).sub.y --(A.sup.3).sub.p --N.dbd., wherein A.sup.3 =C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkylene;
• y=1 to 200;
• p=1 to 50;
• and R.sup.5 =C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl.

An cement composition comprising hydraulic cement and an air controlling polymeric superplasticizer made by the process

• combining a polycarboxylic acid backbone, a polyoxyalkylene amine, and a polyoxyalkylene alcohol to form a mixture thereof;
• heating said mixture to from 100.degree. C. to about 185.degree. C. for about 1 to 8 hours;
• adding a dehydrating agent to said mixture;
• and
• heating said mixture at 100.degree. C. to about 185.degree. C. for about 1 to 8 hours.

An cement composition comprising hydraulic cement and an air controlling polymeric superplasticizer having the structural formula ##STR4## wherein each R.sup.1 independently represents a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group;

• A represents a mixture of Z and R.sup.2 ;
• Z represents hydrogen atom, monovalent or divalent metal cation, ammonium group or organic amine group;
• R.sup.2 represents an air detraining polyoxyalkylene group represented by (BO).sub.n R.sup.3 in which O represents an oxygen atom, B represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkylene group, R.sup.3 represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group and n represents an integer of from 1-200, or mixtures thereof;
• R.sup.6 represents a polyoxyalkylene group represented by (BO).sub.n R.sup.3 ;
• and a, b, c and d are numerical values representing molar percentage of the polymer's structure such that a is a value of about 1 to 99;
• the sum of c+d is a value of from 0 to the numerical value of (100-a);
• and b is a remainder value of ›100-(a+c+d)!.