# US 5,702,357 A · Extracorporeal blood processing methods and apparatus

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 5,702,357 A
- Document ID: US5702357A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 08/480,617
- Filed: 1995-06-07
- Granted: 1997-12-30
- Earliest claimed: 1995-06-07
- Assignees: Cobe Laboratories, Inc.
- Inventors: Marlene Adele Bainbridge; Brian M. Holmes
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5702357A

## CPC

- A61M 1/3624: {Level detectors; Level control}
- A61M 1/30: Single needle dialysis {; Reciprocating systems, alternately withdrawing blood from and returning it to the patient, e.g. single-lumen-needle dialysis or single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis}
- A61M 1/303: {having a reservoir for treated blood to be returned}
- A61M 1/308: {Volume control, e.g. with open or flexible containers, by counting the number of pump revolutions, weighing}
- A61M 1/36222: {Details related to the interface between cassette and machine}
- A61M 1/36224: {with sensing means or components thereof}
- A61M 1/36225: {with blood pumping means or components thereof}
- A61M 1/36226: {Constructional details of cassettes, e.g. specific details on material or shape}
- A61M 1/362262: {Details of incorporated reservoirs}
- A61M 1/362265: {Details of valves}
- A61M 1/3639: {Blood pressure control, pressure transducers specially adapted therefor}
- A61M 1/3641: {Pressure isolators}
- A61M 1/3652: {using gas, e.g. air}
- A61M 1/3692: {Washing or rinsing blood or blood constituents}
- A61M 1/3693: {using separation based on different densities of components, e.g. centrifuging}
- A61M 1/3696: {with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation}
- B04B 5/0442: {with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation}
- B04B 9/08: Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing {(for solid bowl screw centrifuges B04B1/2016); Couplings; Brakes}
- A61M 1/362266: {Means for adding solutions or substances to the blood}
- A61M 2205/12: with interchangeable cassettes forming partially or totally the fluid circuit
- A61M 2205/123: with incorporated reservoirs
- A61M 2205/125: with incorporated filters
- A61M 2205/128: with incorporated valves
- A61M 2205/14: Detection of the presence or absence of a tube, a connector or a container in an apparatus
- A61M 2205/3382: Upper level detectors
- A61M 2205/3386: Low level detectors
- A61M 2205/505: Touch-screens; Virtual keyboard or keypads; Virtual buttons; Soft keys; Mouse touches
- B04B 2005/045: {having annular separation channels}
- A61M: DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY (introducing media into or onto the bodies of animals A61D7/00; means for inserting tampons A61F13/26; devices for administering food or medicines orally A61J; containers for collecting, storing or administering blood or medical fluids A61J1/05); DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY (surgery A61B; chemical aspects of surgical articles A61L); DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR {(Electrotherapy, e.g. producing anaesthesia by the use of alternating or intermittent currents A61N1/36021)}
- B04B: CENTRIFUGES (high-speed drum mills B02C19/11; domestic spin driers D06F; analysing, measuring or monitoring physical or chemical properties of samples during centrifuging, see the relevant subclasses for these procedures, e.g. G01N)

## Abstract

An extracorpeal blood processing system is disclosed which includes a variety of novel components and which may be operated in accordance with a variety of novel methodologies. For instance, the system includes a graphical operator interface which directs the operator through various aspects of the apheresis procedure. Moreover, the system also includes a variety of features relating to loading a blood processing vessel into a blood processing channel and removing the same after completion of the procedure. Furthermore, the system also includes a variety of features relating to utilizing a blood priming of at least portions of the apheresis system in preparation for the procedure. In addition, the system includes a variety of features enhancing the performance of the apheresis system, including the interrelationship between the blood processing vessel and the blood processing vessel and the utilization of high packing factors for the procedure.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A blood primable blood processing channel assembly for an apheresis system comprising a centrifuge rotor, said channel assembly comprising:
a channel housing interconnectable with said centrifuge rotor and comprising a blood processing channel, said channel comprising a first cell separation stage and wherein a remainder of said channel comprises at least one other stage, said channel further comprising a blood inlet and a red blood cell outlet fluidly interconnected with said first cell separation stage, wherein blood provided to said channel through said blood inlet has a first hematocrit and a fluid containing red blood cells removed from said channel through said red blood cell outlet has a second hematocrit, wherein a ratio of a volume of said remainder of said channel to a volume of said first cell separation stage is less than one-half of one less than a ratio of the second hematocrit to the first hematocrit.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
said channel extends curvilinearly about a rotational axis of said channel housing, said channel further comprising a red blood cell dam, a platelet collection area, a plasma collection area, and an interface control region for controlling a radial position of at least one interface between red blood cells and an adjacent blood component type, wherein said red blood cell dam is disposed between said first cell separation stage and said platelet collection area, wherein said platelet collection area is disposed between said red blood cell dam and said plasma collection area, and wherein said plasma collection area is disposed between said platelet collection area and said interface control region, wherein blood introduced into said channel is separated into layers of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma in said first cell separation stage, and wherein at least one flow through said channel is from said first cell separation stage, then past said red blood cell dam, then into said platelet collection area, then into said plasma collection area, and then into said interface control region.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
said channel further comprises means for providing said plasma to said interface control region before any of said red blood cells flow beyond said red blood cell dam and into said platelet collection area.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
said channel further comprises means for providing at least one of said blood, said red blood cells, said white blood cells, said platelets, and said plasma throughout an entirety of said channel before any of said red blood cells flow beyond said red blood cell dam toward said platelet collection area.

### Claim 5 (depends on 2)

A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
a reference circle having an origin at said rotational axis intersects on said red blood cell dam at a predetermined position, and wherein a ratio of a volume of said channel disposed inside of said reference circle to a volume of said channel disposed outside of said reference circle is no greater than about 0.25.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
when said first hematocrit is about 0.47 and said second hematocrit is about 0.75, said ratio of said volume of said remainder of said channel to said volume of said first cell separation stage is about 0.3.

### Claim 7 (depends on 2)

A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
a width of said channel between said platelet collection area and said plasma collection area is less than a width of said channel throughout said first cell separation stage.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
said width of said channel between said platelet collection area and said plasma collection area is substantially constant.

### Claim 9 (depends on 2)

A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
said channel further comprises a blood inlet region proximate said first cell separation stage, wherein a first reference ray extends from said rotational axis through said blood inlet region and a second reference ray extends from said rotational axis and through said interface control region, wherein at least part of a flow to said interface control region is from said plasma collection area and wherein said first and second rays are separated by a first radial distance relative to said rotational axis, said first radial distance being greater than about 330.degree..

### Claim 10 (depends on 2)

A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
said channel further comprises means for limiting a flow into said interface control region from said first cell separation stage, to said red blood cells.

### Claim 11 (depends on 2)

A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
an angular extent of said channel about said rotational axis is greater than about 360.degree. and less than about 390.degree..

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

A channel assembly, as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
a blood processing vessel disposed in said channel;
means for displacing air from said blood processing vessel; and
means for priming said blood processing vessel with blood.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

A system, as claimed in claim 12, wherein:
said means for priming comprises a configuration of said blood processing channel which provides said ratio of a volume of said remainder of said channel to a volume of said first cell separation stage.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

A system, as claimed in claim 12, further comprising:
a donor/patient blood transfer assembly fluidly interconnected with said blood processing vessel, fluidly interconnectable with a donor/patient, and comprising an air receptacle, wherein said means for displacing displaces air within said blood processing vessel into said air receptacle .