# US 5,700,615 A · Coated carrier particles > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,700,615 A - Document ID: US5700615A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/785,675 - Filed: 1997-01-21 - Granted: 1997-12-23 - Earliest claimed: 1997-01-21 - Assignees: Xerox Corporation - Inventors: Scott M. Silence; John A. Creatura; Bing R. Hsieh; Ronald F. Ziolo; Richard W. Ellis - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5700615A ## CPC - G03G 9/1135: {obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds} - G03G 9/1133: {obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds} - G03G 9/1139: {Inorganic components of coatings} - G03G: ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY ## Abstract A composition comprised of a core and thereover a mixture of a first and second polymer, and wherein said first polymer contains a conductive component, and said second polymer contains copper iodide. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A carrier consisting essentially of a core and thereover a mixture of a first and second polymer, and wherein said first polymer contains a conductive component different from copper iodide, and said second polymer contains copper iodide, and wherein said copper iodide is present in the amount of from about 80 to about 95 weight percent based on the amount of said second polymer and said iodide. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein the copper iodide is cuprous iodide present in an amount of from about 80 to about 95 weight percent based on the amount of said second polymer and said iodide, and there results carrier particles. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) A carrier in accordance with claim 2 wherein said conductive component for said first polymer is a metal oxide. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) A carrier in accordance with claim 2 wherein said conductive component for said first polymer is carbon black. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) A carrier in accordance with claim 2 wherein said conductive component for said first polymer is carbon black selected in an amount of from about 15 to about 60 weight percent. ### Claim 6 (depends on 2) A carrier in accordance with claim 2 wherein said first polymer is a polyester, or a styrene based polymer, and said second polymer is polymethylmethacrylate. ### Claim 7 (depends on 2) A carrier in accordance with claim 2 wherein said first polymer is selected in an amount of form about 1 to about 99 weight percent and said second polymer is selected in an amount of from about 99 to about 1 weight percent. ### Claim 8 (depends on 2) A carrier in accordance with claim 2 wherein said core is a metal. ### Claim 9 (depends on 2) A carrier in accordance with claim 2 wherein said core is a ferrite. ### Claim 10 (depends on 2) A carrier in accordance with claim 2 wherein said core is a metal oxide. ### Claim 11 A process for the preparation of a carrier which comprises (1) mixing carrier core with a mixture of a first and second polymer, and wherein satd first polymer contains a conductive component, different from copper iodide and said second polymer contains cuprous iodide in an amount of from about 80 to about 95 weight percent; (2) dry mixing the resulting carrier core for a sufficient period of time enabling the polymers to adhere to the carrier core; (3) subsequently heating the mixture of carrier core particles and polymer to a temperature of between about 200.degree. F. and about 550.degree. F., whereby the polymers melt and fuse to the carrier core; and (4) thereafter cooling the resulting coated carrier particles. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein the cuprous iodide is present in an amount of at least about 80 weight percent. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein the cuprous iodide is present in an amount of 80 weight percent. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein the conductive component is a conductive carbon black. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) A process in accordance with claim 13 wherein the conductive component is carbon black present in an amount of from about 15 to about 60 weight percent. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) A process in accordance with claim 14 wherein the carbon black is present in an amount of from about 15 to about 40 weight percent. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein the conductive component is carbon black present in an amount of from about 16 to about 20 weight percent. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein the conductive component is a conductive carbon black present in an amount of from about 15 to about 50 weight percent, the cuprous iodide is present in an amount of from about 80 to about 95 weight percent, the carrier conductivity is from about 10.sup.-6 to about 10.sup.-15 (ohm-cm).sup.-1, and the carrier triboelectric charge is from about a minus 30 to about a positive 40 microcoulombs per gram. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein the conductive component is a conductive carbon black present in an amount of from about 15 to about 25 weight percent, the carrier conductivity is from about 10.sup.-7 to about 10.sup.-8 (ohm-cm).sup.-1, and the carrier triboelectric charge is from about a minus 30 to about a positive 30 microcoulombs per gram. ### Claim 20 (depends on 11) A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein the first polymer is polymethylmethacrylate and the second polymer is a polyester. ### Claim 21 (depends on 11) A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein the carrier core is selected from the group consisting of iron, ferrites, steel and nickel. ### Claim 22 An improved process for the preparation of carrier particles with an extended triboelectric charging range and with an extended conductivity range, which process comprises mixing a carrier core with a polymer mixture, and which mixture comprises a first and second polymer having dispersed therein, respectively, carbon black and cuprous iodide, followed by heating until the polymers fused to the core, and thereafter cooling, and wherein said carbon black is present in an amount of from about 18 to about 50 weight percent, and said cuprous iodide is present in an amount of from about 80 to about 95 weight percent, and wherein said first polymer is polymethacrylate. ### Claim 23 (depends on 1) A developer comprised of toner and the carrier of claim 1. ### Claim 24 (depends on 22) A process in accordance with claim 22 with from about 0.1 to 3.0 percent of carrier coating polymer mixture by weight and containing said conductive component present in an amount of from about 5 to about 60 weight percent, and which carrier possesses a conductivity of from about 1.times.10 .sup.-8 mho/centimeter to about 1.times.10.sup.-15 mho/centimeter, and a triboelectric value of from about a minus 30 to plus 30 microcoulombs per gram. ### Claim 25 (depends on 1) A carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein said copper iodide is present in an amount of about 80 weight percent. ### Claim 26 (depends on 1) A carrier in accordance with claim 1 wherein the carrier possesses a high conductivity of from about 10.sup.-10 about 10.sup.-7 (ohm-cm).sup.-1. ### Claim 27 A carrier consisting of a core end thereover a mixture of first and second polymers, and wherein said first polymer contains a conductive component different from copper iodide and said second polymer contains copper iodide, and wherein said copper iodide is present in an amount of about 80 to about 90 weight percent and the conductivity of the resulting carrier is from about 10.sup.-10 to about 10.sup.-7 (ohm-om).sup.-1. ### Claim 28 (depends on 27) A carrier in accordance with claim 27 wherein said conductivity is from about 10.sup.-7 to about 10.sup.-8 (ohm-cm).sup.-1.